Isomers of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in cord serum and birth outcomes in China: Guangzhou Birth Cohort Study.

Prior investigations on the associations of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with fetal growth are mixed. Moreover, little research has accrued pertaining to the association between isomers of PFASs with gestational age and birth weight. To address this gap and present novel information, we conducted a study including 321 pairs of mothers and their infants recruited from Guangzhou, China.

Positive association between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and children blood pressure in China-Result from the Seven Northeast Cities (SNEC) study.

The impact of ambient air pollution on health causes concerns in China. However, little is known about the association of short-term air pollution exposure with blood pressure (BP) in children. The goal of present study was to assess the association between short-term air pollution and BP in children from a highly polluted area in China.

Military service and crime: new evidence.

Background: Evidence indicates that a substantial proportion of military personnel are involved in high-risk and antisocial behaviors that place them at jeopardy for criminal justice system involvement. However, prior research on military service and crime has disproportionately focused on veterans from the Vietnam War era (1955-1975), and has tended to focus on either current or former military members.

Methods: This study employed data from a population-based study (i.

Prevalence and correlates of in-prison substance use among incarcerated women in Spain.

Previous research indicates that drug use is common among incarcerated populations. However, much less research attention has been focused on drug use among female inmates, especially while in prison. The goal of this research was to examine the prevalence and correlates of in-prison drug use among women prisoners.

The Nexus of Trauma, Victimization, and Mental Health Disorders Among Incarcerated Adults in Spain.

Victimization and exposure to trauma, commonly linked to co-occurring mental health disorders, are prevalent among prison populations. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the prevalence of various kinds of victimization and trauma exposure at distinct life stages (childhood, adulthood and during prison) among incarcerated persons in Spain. The research team surveyed a random sample of 453 male and female inmates, serving time in two Spanish prisons, to gather information on experiences of physical and sexual victimization in both childhood and adulthood along with the presence or absence of in-prison treatment for a mental health disorder(s).

Prevalence and correlates of alcohol and tobacco use among pregnant women in the United States: Evidence from the NSDUH 2005-2014.

Alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy are among the strongest and most preventable risk factors for adverse neonatal health outcomes, but few developmentally sensitive, population-based studies of this phenomenon have been conducted. To address this gap, the present study examined the prevalence and correlates of alcohol and tobacco use among pregnant adolescents (aged 12-17) and adults (aged 18-44) in the United States. Data were derived from the population-based National Survey of Drug Use and Health (80,498 adolescent and 152,043 adult women) between 2005 and 2014.

Sex-Specific Difference in the Association Between Poor Sleep Quality and Abdominal Obesity in Rural Chinese: A Large Population-Based Study.

Study Objectives: Existing studies on sleep quality and associated obesity are inconsistent, and few studies have prospectively evaluated the association between sleep quality and abdominal obesity among Chinese individuals. To fill this void, the current study aimed to assess the association between sleep quality and abdominal obesity in a rural Chinese population.

Methods: A representative sample of 9,404 adults aged 20-93 years in northeastern China was selected between 2012 and 2013 by a multistage cluster and random sampling method.

Effects of in utero and Postnatal Exposure to Secondhand Smoke on Lung Function by Gender and Asthma Status: The Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) Study.

Background: Little information exists on whether gender or asthma status modifies the effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure on lung function.

Objective: To evaluate whether gender or asthma status modifies the association of SHS exposure with lung function.

Methods: A total of 6,740 children (average 11.

Trends and correlates of marijuana use among late middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2002-2014.

Background: Recent trend studies suggest that marijuana use is on the rise among the general population of adults ages 18 and older in the United States. However, little is known about the trends in marijuana use and marijuana-specific risk/protective factors among American adults during the latter part of adulthood.

Method: Findings are based on repeated, cross-sectional data collected from late middle-aged (ages 50-64) and older adults (ages 65 and older) surveyed as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health between 2002 and 2014.

Household food insecurity during childhood and adolescent misconduct.

A large body of research has found that household food insecurity can interfere with the healthy development of children. The link between household food insecurity during childhood and misbehaviors during adolescence, however, is not commonly explored. The objective of the current study is to assess whether household food insecurity across childhood predicts four different forms of misconduct during early adolescence.

Hourly peak PM concentration associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in Guangzhou, China.

Hourly peak concentration may capture health effects of ambient fine particulate matter pollution (PM) better than daily averages. We examined the associations of hourly peak concentration of PM with cardiovascular mortality in Guangzhou, China. We obtained daily data on cardiovascular mortality and hourly PM concentrations in Guangzhou from 19 January 2013 through 30 June 2015.

Behavioral Risk Profiles of Homeschooled Adolescents in the United States: A Nationally Representative Examination of Substance Use Related Outcomes.

Background: The homeschool population continues to grow in size and now accounts for 3.4% of all students in the United States.

Objective: Given the heterogeneous nature of the population, this study examines the relationship between different types of homeschoolers and a number of substance use related outcomes.

Changing perspectives on marijuana use during early adolescence and young adulthood: Evidence from a panel of cross-sectional surveys.

Introduction: Prior research has often overlooked potential cohort differences in marijuana views and use across adolescence and young adulthood. To begin to address this gap, we conduct an exploratory examination of marijuana views and use among American youth using a panel of cross-sectional surveys.

Method: Findings are based on repeated, cross-sectional data collected annually from adolescents (ages 12-17; n=230,452) and young adults (ages 18-21; n=120,588) surveyed as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health between 2002 and 2014.

In vitro kinetics of P reduction of Thermosynechococcus elongatus trimeric Photosystem I complexes by recombinant cytochrome c using a Joliot-type LED spectrophotometer.

The reduction rate of photo-oxidized Photosystem I (PSI) with various natural and artificial electron donors have been well studied by transient absorption spectroscopy. The electron transfer rate from various donors to P has been measured for a wide range of photosynthetic organisms encompassing cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. PSI can be a limiting component due to tedious extraction and purification methods required for this membrane protein.

An Epidemiological Study of Burglary Offenders: Trends and Predictors of Self-Reported Arrests for Burglary in the United States, 2002-2013.

Burglary is serious property crime with a relatively high incidence and has been shown to be variously associated with other forms of criminal behavior. Unfortunately, an epidemiological understanding of burglary and its correlates is largely missing from the literature. Using public-use data collected between 2002 and 2013 as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), the current study compared those who self-reported burglary arrest in the prior 12 months with and without criminal history.

Juvenile animal cruelty and firesetting behaviour.

Background: There is a view that young people presenting with an animal cruelty and firesetting combination represent a uniquely risky group, but prior work has relied on samples with insufficient power.

Research Question: What is the prevalence of the co-occurrence of animal cruelty and firesetting behaviour among young delinquents? What other features correlate with this?

Methods: We measured the prevalence of animal cruelty and firesetting among 292,649 juvenile offenders and used rare events logistic regression to examine demographic, criminal, mental health and family histories as correlates.

Results: The prevalence of animal cruelty was 0.

Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Small for Gestational Age Births in Chinese Women.

Background: Both high and low prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) has been associated with small for gestational age births (SGA; birthweight below the population specific 10th centile for the gestational age), but results remain inconsistent. We examined the association between maternal BMI and SGA, and evaluated if the associations were modified by preterm birth (being born prior to 37 weeks) status.

Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted in Wuhan, China from June 2011, to June 2013.

Household Food Insecurity and Children's Behaviour Problems: New Evidence from a Trajectories-Based Study.

This study examined the association between household food insecurity (insufficient access to adequate and nutritious food) and trajectories of externalising and internalising behaviour problems in children from kindergarten to fifth grade using longitudinal data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), a nationally representative study in the USA. Household food insecurity was assessed using the eighteen-item standard food security scale, and children's behaviour problems were reported by teachers. Latent growth curve analysis was conducted on 7,348 children in the ECLS-K, separately for boys and girls.

Trends and correlates of substance use disorders among probationers and parolees in the United States 2002-2014.

Background: Substance use and crime/recidivism are irrevocably linked. We explore the nuances of this association by highlighting the prevalence, trends, and correlates of substance use dsorders in a large group of probationers/parolees.

Methods: We examined SUDs among probationers and parolees in the United States using data from the National Study on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).

Attacks Intended to Seriously Harm and Co-occurring Drug Use Among Youth in the United States.

Background: While it is known that substance use and violence co-occur, less is understood in terms of how this relationship might vary based on the degree of youth involvement in violence.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the prevalence and degree that substance use disorders (SUD) and related intrapersonal and contextual factors were associated with violent attacks.

Method: Repeated cross-sectional data from a population-based study (National Survey on Drug Use and Health) of youth ages 12-17 (n = 216,852) in the United States between 2002 and 2013 were pooled to increase the analytic sample size.