Erdheim-Chester disease: an unusual presentation of an uncommon disease.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with classic radiographic findings of patchy or diffuse osteosclerosis predominantly involving the long bones in a bilaterally symmetrical pattern. A 49-year-old woman presented with diffuse lymphadenopathy, painful skin lesions, and constitutional symptoms. Recent history was significant for a nontraumatic fracture of the tibia 3 weeks prior to admission.

Neutrophils contain cholesterol crystals in transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).

Objectives: Intracellular components of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) were investigated by transmission electron microscopy.

Methods: The lungs from 2 fatal TRALI cases and 2 controls, previously studied by scanning electron microscopy, were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Morphologic data by light and phase microscopy, along with scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations, were collated.

Genetics and molecular pathology of gastric malignancy: Development of targeted therapies in the era of personalized medicine.

Gastric malignancy constitutes a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite recent advances in surgical techniques combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy approaches, patients with advanced disease still have poor outcomes. An emerging understanding of the molecular pathways that characterize cell growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis has provided novel targets in gastric cancer therapy.

Molecular pathology of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) are rare neoplasms which account for 1% to 2% of all pancreatic malignancies. The diagnostic, grading and prognostic criteria for PETs have been controversial in surgical pathology and clinical medicine. The newly updated 2010 WHO classification introduced in clinical practice will give more insight into genetic and molecular changes related to PET subtypes.

One-day quadruple therapy compared with 7-day triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection.

Background: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection has had an impact on the treatment and recurrence rates of peptic ulcer disease and malignancies such as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Treatment options are cumbersome, expensive, and associated with side effects.

Methods: Randomized, prospective, open-labeled equivalence trial with a parallel-group design to compare eradication rates of H pylori with a 1-day, 4-drug regimen with a 7-day, 3-drug regimen.