Development of an innovative delivery system for bacillus Calmette-Guérin bladder administration.

Purpose: To describe the development of an innovative process to deliver bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to an offsite urology clinic for bladder instillation.

Summary: The use of BCG, a live virus vaccine for treatment of patients with localized cancer of the urinary bladder, has created many logistical problems for hospitals and infusion center pharmacies. Due to its short stability, the drug cannot be made ahead of time and coordination with a patient's arrival at an infusion site is challenging.

Adenosine sensory transduction pathways contribute to activation of the sensory irritation response to inspired irritant vapors.

The molecular mechanisms through which sensory irritants stimulate nasal trigeminal nerves are poorly understood. The current study was aimed at evaluating the potential contribution of purinergic sensory transduction pathways in this process. Aerosols of 4-36 mM adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine both acted as sensory irritants.