Life's Essential 8 and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Women With Breast Cancer.

Background: Relationships between lifestyle risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in women with breast cancer (BC) are underexplored.

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of CVD in relation to the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score among women with BC.

Methods: Data from the Women's Health Initiative were utilized.

A prospective longitudinal cohort study of the association between nurses' subjective and objective workload.

Critical care nurses have high workloads due to the severity of the disease and the complexity of the treatment and care. Understanding the factors that influence subjective workload as well as the association between subjective and objective workload could lead to new insights to reduce critical care nurses' workload. (1) To describe critical care nurses' subjective and objective workload per shift in a university-affiliated interdisciplinary adult intensive care unit in Switzerland and (2) to explore the association between objective and subjective workload.

The Effect of Statins on Markers of Breast Cancer Proliferation and Apoptosis in Women with In Situ or Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer.

Statins, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase, have been shown to have potential anti-carcinogenic effects through the inhibition of the mevalonate pathway and their impact on Ras and RhoGTAases. Prior studies have demonstrated a reduction in breast tumor proliferation, as well as increased apoptosis, among women with early-stage breast cancer who received statins between the time of diagnosis and the time of surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of short-term oral high-potency statin therapy on the expression of markers of breast tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in a window-of-opportunity trial.

Estrogen Plus Progestin and Colorectal Cancer: Long-Term Findings From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trial.

JCO We report long-term colorectal cancer findings from the Women's Health Initiative trial where 16,608 postmenopausal women with a uterus were randomly assigned to daily conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) 0.625 mg, plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 2.5 mg, or placebo.

Association of clonal hematopoiesis and mosaic chromosomal alterations with solid malignancy incidence and mortality.

Background: Understanding the impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) on solid tumor risk and mortality can shed light on novel cancer pathways.

Methods: The authors analyzed whole genome sequencing data from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Women's Health Initiative study (n = 10,866). They investigated the presence of CHIP and mCA and their association with the development and mortality of breast, lung, and colorectal cancers.

Hospitalization- and death-related financial and employment effects in parents of children with life-limiting conditions: a fixed-effects analysis.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to investigate out-of-pocket non-medical expenses and employment-related outcomes in families of children with life-limiting conditions, specifically, to quantify the financial and employment implications of two events: a child's hospitalization and death. This cohort study used panel data collected prospectively for a larger study investigating the effectiveness of specialized pediatric palliative care. Participants were recruited by medical professionals between November 2019 and May 2022 at four Swiss children's hospitals.

ChatGPT's Performance on the Hand Surgery Self-Assessment Exam: A Critical Analysis.

Purpose: To assess the performance of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) when answering self-assessment exam questions in hand surgery and to compare correct results for text-only questions to those for questions that included images.

Methods: This study used 10 self-assessment exams from 2004 to 2013 provided by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH). ChatGPT's performance on text-only questions and image-based questions was compared.

Periocular Asymmetry Index in Caucasian Populations Using Three-dimensional Photogrammetry Assessment.

Objective: To quantitatively assess the periocular asymmetry and investigate its sex and age-related differences in a Caucasian population using three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry.

Method: Standardized 3D photos of the periocular region of 301 Caucasians were taken using the VECTRA M3 3D Imaging System. Standardized landmarks were positioned, and data measurements in the periocular region were obtained from these images using VAM software and assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for reliability.

Work-related quality of life in professionals involved in pediatric palliative care: a repeated cross-sectional comparative effectiveness study.

Background: Working in pediatric palliative care (PPC) impacts healthcare and allied professionals' work-related quality of life (QoL). Professionals who lack specific PPC training but who regularly provide services to the affected children have articulated their need for support from specialized PPC (SPPC) teams.

Objectives: This study had two objectives: (1) to evaluate whether the availability of a SPPC team impacted the work-related QoL of professionals not specialized in PPC; and (2) to explore the work-related QoL of professionals working in PPC without specialized training.

Breast cancer incidence and mortality by metabolic syndrome and obesity: The Women's Health Initiative.

Background: In the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized trial, dietary intervention significantly reduced breast cancer mortality, especially in women with more metabolic syndrome (MetS) components. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of MetS and obesity with postmenopausal breast cancer after long-term follow-up in the WHI clinical trials.

Methods: A total of 68,132 postmenopausal women, without prior breast cancer and with normal mammogram, were entered into WHI randomized clinical trials; 63,330 women with an entry MetS score comprised the study population.

Ductal carcinoma in situ and cause-specific mortality among younger and older postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative.

Background: Whether DCIS is associated with higher breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality is unclear with few studies in older women. Therefore, we examined DCIS and breast cancer-specific, cardiovascular (CVD)-specific, and all-cause mortality among Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Trial participants overall and by age (< 70 versus ≥ 70 years).

Methods: Of 68,132 WHI participants, included were 781 postmenopausal women with incident DCIS and 781 matched controls.

TAILR (Nursing-Sensitive Events and Their Association With Individual Nurse Staffing Levels) Project: Protocol for an International Longitudinal Multicenter Study.

Background: Nursing-sensitive events (NSEs) are common, accounting for up to 77% of adverse events in hospitalized patients (eg, fall-related harm, pressure ulcers, and health care-associated infections). NSEs lead to adverse patient outcomes and impose an economic burden on hospitals due to increased medical costs through a prolonged hospital stay and additional medical procedures. To reduce NSEs and ensure high-quality nursing care, appropriate nurse staffing levels are needed.

Uptake of screening and risk-reducing recommendations among women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome due to pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants evaluated at a large urban comprehensive cancer center.

Purpose: Carriers of pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 have an elevated lifetime cancer risk warranting high-risk screening and risk-reducing procedures for early detection and prevention. We report on prevention practices among women with pathogenic BRCA variants in order to document follow through with NCCN recommendations and to identify barriers to guideline-recommended care.

Methods: Our cohort included women who had genetic testing through a cancer genetic clinic and completed a 54-item questionnaire to measure socio-demographics, medical history, rates of cancer screening and risk-reducing surgery, disclosure of test results, and cancer worry.

The funding of specialised paediatric palliative care in Switzerland: a conceptualisation and modified Delphi study on obstacles and priorities.

Background: Effective funding models are key for implementing and sustaining critical care delivery programmes such as specialised paediatric palliative care (SPPC). In Switzerland, funding concerns have frequently been raised as primary barriers to providing SPPC in dedicated settings. However, systematic evidence on existing models of funding as well as primary challenges faced by stakeholders remains scarce.

Randomized controlled trial of linaclotide in children aged 6-17 years with functional constipation.

Objectives: Linaclotide, a guanylate cyclase-C agonist, was recently approved in the United States for treatment of children 6-17 years old with functional constipation (FC). This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of several linaclotide doses in children 6-17 years old with FC.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study, 173 children with FC (based on Rome III criteria) were randomized to once-daily linaclotide (A: 9 or 18 μg, B: 18 or 36 μg, or C: 36 or 72 μg) or placebo in a 1:1:1:1 ratio for 6- to 11-year-olds (dosage determined by weight: 18 to <35 or ≥35 kg) and linaclotide (18, 36, 72, or 145 μg) or placebo in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio for 12- to 17-year-olds.

How external and agency characteristics are related to coordination in homecare - findings of the national multicenter, cross-sectional SPOT study.

Background: Homecare client services are often distributed across several interdependent healthcare providers, making proper care coordination essential. However, as studies exploring care coordination in the homecare setting are scarce, serious knowledge gaps exist regarding how various factors influence coordination in this care sector. To fill such gaps, this study's central aim was to explore how external factors (i.

The History of Academic Leadership Education in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Background: The growth of the American academic orthopaedic community over the last 53 years has been accompanied by an expanding need for academic leadership education.

Methods: The transition of the Association of Orthopaedic Chairmen, to the Academic Orthopaedic Society, to the American Orthopaedic Association through its Academic Leadership Committee and American Orthopaedic Association Council of Residency Directors is reviewed.

Results: Academic orthopaedic community members recognized that the evolving leadership needs of the academic community could be better addressed by transitioning to a new organization, the Academic Orthopaedic Society and eventually by creating a new structure within a well aligned and well-resourced existing organization, the American Orthopaedic Association.

Safety and efficacy of linaclotide in children aged 7-17 years with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.

Objectives: Linaclotide, a guanylate cyclase-C agonist, was recently approved in the United States for the treatment of children 6-17 years old with functional constipation. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of various linaclotide doses in children 7-17 years old with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C).

Methods: In this 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, Phase 2 study, children with IBS-C were randomized to once-daily placebo or linaclotide (Dose A: 18 or 36 µg, B: 36 or 72 µg, and C: 72 µg or 145 µg, or 290 µg); those aged 7-11 years in a 1:1:1:1 allocation based on weight (18 to <35 kg:18 µg, 36 µg, or 72 µg; or ≥35 kg: 36 µg, 72 µg, or 145 µg), and those aged 12-17 years in a 1:1:1:1:1 allocation (the higher option of Doses A-C or 290 µg).

Eight weeks of exercise intervention improves visuomotor and functional capacity, performance, and physiological profile in a patient with choroidal melanoma.

The aim of this case study was to investigate the effects of an 8-wk combined exercise intervention, consisting of visual-coordinative and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), on the physical and visuomotor-functional capacity, performance, and physiological profile of a moderately active 29-yr-old man diagnosed with choroidal melanoma of the left eye. Data were collected on three occasions: at the initial diagnosis (T0), after hospitalization and radiotherapy treatment (T1), and following the recovery through the exercise intervention (T2), spanning a total of 17 wk. The primary outcome variables consisted of visuomotor and functional tests (VFTs), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and microvascular circulation measured via flicker light-induced dilation (FiD).

Comparison of In Vivo Stiffness of Tendons Commonly Used for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction - A Shear Wave Elastography Study.

Rationale And Objectives: There are currently no studies investigating the in vivo stiffness of the most commonly used autografts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using Shear wave elastography (SWE). We hypothesize that there are differences regarding the elastic properties between the three tendons commonly used for ACLR and that they are influenced by patient-related factors.

Materials And Methods: 80 healthy subjects (25 females, 55 males, age: 25.

Efficacy and safety of linaclotide in treating functional constipation in paediatric patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 trial.

Background: Linaclotide, a guanylate cyclase C agonist, has been approved in the USA for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation in adults. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of linaclotide in paediatric patients aged 6-17 years with functional constipation.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study was done at 64 clinic or hospital sites in seven countries (USA, Canada, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Ukraine, and Estonia).