Publications by authors named "Michael Schwarzinger"
Article Synopsis
- Alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for cancer, but there is limited evidence on how reducing or stopping alcohol affects cancer rates among individuals with alcohol dependence.
- This study analyzed data from over 10 million men and women discharged from French hospitals between 2018-2021 to examine the link between alcohol rehabilitation and cancer incidence.
- The findings showed that undergoing rehabilitation or abstaining from alcohol significantly lowered the risk of developing alcohol-associated cancers, highlighting the importance of treatment for those with alcohol dependence.
Article Synopsis
- France's healthcare system faces significant challenges, including medically underserved areas and social health inequalities, which were assessed using various health indicators.
- From 1990 to 2019, life expectancy and healthy life expectancy improved in France, ranking seventh and fourth respectively among 23 Western European countries.
- The burden of disease, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), decreased from 1990 to 2019, with cardiovascular diseases having a lower burden compared to other European nations, while mental and musculoskeletal disorders led in years lived with disability (YLDs).
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preexisting mental disorders and COVID-19-related mortality among hospitalized patients in France, revealing that many mental health conditions are linked to increased mortality risks.
- Researchers analyzed data from over 465,000 COVID-19 inpatients and found 33% had mental disorders; most of these categories showed higher mortality rates and reduced access to critical care services, except for opioid use disorders.
- The analysis suggests that while mental disorders contribute to higher mortality risks, factors such as patient age and other medical conditions also play a significant role in understanding these outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19 vaccines are crucial in reducing virus transmission, yet vaccine hesitancy is growing, particularly in France, affecting even healthcare workers (HCWs) who were initially prioritized for vaccination.
- A qualitative study involving interviews with HCWs in a French university hospital revealed that their vaccine intentions were shaped by trust in the vaccines, their past vaccination experiences, peer influences, and media presentation of vaccine information.
- To boost HCW vaccination rates, it's important to share clear and reassuring scientific information tailored to local contexts, encouraged by their peers and experts, while promoting successful vaccination experiences to enhance confidence.
Background: Empiric antifungal therapy is considered the standard of care for high-risk neutropenic patients with persistent fever. The impact of a preemptive, diagnostic-driven approach based on galactomannan screening and chest computed tomography scan on demand on survival and on the risk of invasive fungal disease (IFD) during the first weeks of high-risk neutropenia is unknown.
Methods: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients were randomly assigned to receive caspofungin empirically (arm A) or preemptively (arm B), while receiving fluconazole 400 mg daily prophylactically.
Article Synopsis
- A study in France surveyed 6,007 adults aged 18-64 about their COVID-19 vaccination intentions and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection rates, finding an 8.1% infection rate with significant regional differences.
- Among participants without a prior infection, 41.3% expressed outright refusal to get vaccinated, indicating a high level of vaccine hesitancy.
- The research concluded that factors like vaccine characteristics and sociodemographic influences drive vaccine acceptance, and there was no correlation found between higher SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and willingness to accept the vaccine.
Background & Aims: There are uncertainties regarding the burden of liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, we aimed to quantify the burden of liver disease, identify risk factors, and estimate attributable risks in patients with T2D.
Methods: We measured adjusted hazard ratios of liver disease progression to hepatocellular carcinoma and/or decompensated cirrhosis in a 2010-2020 retrospective, bicentric, longitudinal, cohort of 52,066 hospitalized patients with T2D.
Background: Opinion polls on vaccination intentions suggest that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide; however, the usefulness of opinion polls to prepare mass vaccination campaigns for specific new vaccines and to estimate acceptance in a country's population is limited. We therefore aimed to assess the effects of vaccine characteristics, information on herd immunity, and general practitioner (GP) recommendation on vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France.
Methods: In this survey experiment, adults aged 18-64 years residing in France, with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, were randomly selected from an online survey research panel in July, 2020, stratified by gender, age, education, household size, and region and area of residence to be representative of the French population.
Factors associated with under-reporting of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in cause-of-death records: A comparative study of two national databases in France from 2008 to 2012.
PLoS One
July 2021
Objective: To date, no study has evaluated the detection rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in cause-of-death records in Europe. Our objectives were to compare the number of deaths attributable to HNSCC from two national databases in France and to identify factors associated with under-reporting of HNSCC in cause-of-death records.
Methods: The national hospital discharge database and the national underlying cause-of-death records were compared for all HNSCC-attributable deaths in adult patients from 2008 to 2012 in France.
During the pandemic, the world's media have publicized preliminary findings suggesting that tobacco use is protective against COVID-19. An ad hoc multidisciplinary group was created to address the major public health implications of this messaging. Key messages of this commentary are as follows: 1) The COVID-19 crisis may increase tobacco consumption and decrease access to healthcare.
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- A nationwide study in France analyzed hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis across four seasons to identify risk factors among infants, focusing on chronic medical conditions.
- Data from nearly 3.9 million infants discharged from maternity wards from 2008-2013 was used to determine the frequency of bronchiolitis hospitalizations.
- The study found that along with prematurity, chronic conditions like muscular dystrophy, congenital heart diseases, and other congenital abnormalities significantly increased the risk of hospitalization due to bronchiolitis.
Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and economic burden of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in France.
Methods: All 53,255 incident adult patients discharged with a first diagnosis of HNSCC in 2010-2012 were identified from the 2008-2013 French National Hospital Discharge (PMSI) database. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal analysis of prognosis and direct costs attributable to HNSCC.
Background: Health state utility (HSU) is a core component of QALYs and cost-effectiveness analysis, although HSU is rarely estimated among a representative sample of patients. We explored the feasibility of assessing HSU in head and neck cancer from the French National Hospital Discharge database.
Methods: An exhaustive sample of 53,258 incident adult patients with a first diagnosis of head and neck cancer was identified in 2010-2012.
Background And Aims: This study evaluated the clinical and non-clinical determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) associated with untreated chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in France.
Methods: From 01/2014 to 01/2015, untreated CHC patients were invited to complete a questionnaire including EQ-5D utility instrument and two visual analogue scales (VAS) measuring overall health and fatigue in three French centers (Paris, Lille and Montpellier). Answers were analyzed in mixed models (taking into account the clustering effects of centers and physicians).
Background: Alcohol use has been identified as a risk factor for dementia and cognitive decline. However, some patterns of drinking have been associated with beneficial effects.
Methods And Results: To clarify the relationship between alcohol use and dementia, we conducted a scoping review based on a systematic search of systematic reviews published from January 2000 to October 2017 by using Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO.
Background: Dementia is a prevalent condition, affecting 5-7% of people aged 60 years and older, and a leading cause of disability in people aged 60 years and older globally. We aimed to examine the association between alcohol use disorders and dementia risk, with an emphasis on early-onset dementia (<65 years).
Methods: We analysed a nationwide retrospective cohort of all adult (≥20 years) patients admitted to hospital in metropolitan France between 2008 and 2013.
Background: Evidence on diseases caused by or associated with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) has been based on two meta-analyses including rather dated studies. The objective of this contribution was to estimate the risks of all-cause mortality and alcohol-attributable disease categories depending on a diagnosis of AUDs in a national sample for France.
Methods: In a national retrospective cohort study on all inpatient acute and rehabilitation care patients in Metropolitan France 2008-2012 (N = 26,356,361), AUDs and other disease categories were identified from all discharge diagnoses according to standard definitions, and we relied on in-hospital death for mortality (57.
Objective: Magnitude and independent drivers of the risk of acute arterial events in IBD are still unclear. We addressed this question in patients with IBD compared with the general population at a nationwide level.
Design: Using the French National Hospital Discharge Database from 2008 to 2013, all patients aged 15 years or older and diagnosed with IBD were identified and followed up until 31 December 2013.