Surgical management of lobar cerebral cavernous malformations in children: a single-center experience.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the surgical indications and postoperative outcomes among pediatric patients with lobar cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients operated on for lobar CCM between March 2010 and August 2021. Indications for surgery included (1) intracranial hemorrhage, (2) symptomatic superficially located lesion, and (3) asymptomatic CCM in non-eloquent area in case of strong parental preferences.

[Blatant rejection- unexpected appreciation- silent neglect : On the discussion of psychoanalysis in the psychiatric/neurologic literature during the Nazi period].

In textbooks of psychiatry and/or neurology which appeared during the Nazi period, psychoanalysis is mostly treated unkindly, although they avoid antisemitic reasoning. Kurt Kolle accords Freud merely a historical role and favors the comprehensive psychotherapy cultivated from 1936 onwards at the "Göring Institute". There is however a remarkable contribution by Josef Reinhold (Jeseník/Czechoslovakia) showing considerable knowledge and demonstrating to which degree psychoanalysis could be acknowledged under the Nazi regime in an academic text written by a non-German author.

Gate Spacer Investigation for Improving the Speed of High-Frequency Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistors.

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based field-effect transistors have demonstrated great potential for high-frequency (HF) analog transceiver electronics. Despite significant advancements, one of the remaining challenges is the optimization of the device architecture for obtaining the highest possible speed and linearity. While most studies so far have concentrated on symmetrical top gated FET devices, we report on the impact of the device architecture on their HF performance.

Towards an optimal contact metal for CNTFETs.

Downscaling of the contact length Lc of a side-contacted carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) is challenging because of the rapidly increasing contact resistance as Lc falls below 20-50 nm. If in agreement with existing experimental results, theoretical work might answer the question, which metals yield the lowest CNT-metal contact resistance and what physical mechanisms govern the geometry dependence of the contact resistance. However, at the scale of 10 nm, parameter-free models of electron transport become computationally prohibitively expensive.

Comparison of Pantoprazole Concentrations in Simultaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Samples.

Background: Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug mainly used for treating peptic diseases. Adverse effects of pantoprazole in the occasional central nervous system (CNS) include headache, vertigo and sleep disturbances. Data in rats suggest that proton pumps are expressed in the inner ear and in the epithelium of the choroid plexus, which would be a potential target to mediate such proton pump inhibitor effects.

[Biographical discoveries and supplements around the 3rd psychoanalytic congress in Weimar 1911, Part II: Maria von Stach, Georg Wanke ? and the photographer Franz Vältl].

In the first section of this paper Andreas Peglau presents new material on the vicissitudes of the life of publicist and feminist Maria v. Stach. Of particular interest is her longtime relationship to Karen Horney, both as patient and as friend.

Max Eitingon's rise and decline: the Berlin years.

Max Eitingon's main achievement was the foundation of the Berlin psychoanalytic Poliklinik that served both as an outpatient center and a training institute. Another area of his responsibility was the Verlag, the International Psychoanalytic Press. By 1926, he occupied several leading positions, including presidency of the International Psychoanalytical Association and editorship of the major psychoanalytic journal of the time.

[Organisation and funding of the Berlin Psychoanalytic Polyclinic. The role of Max Eitingon].

Based on unpublished archival material (Eitingon's yearly reports, account statements), this paper enriches and modifies the hitherto commonly accepted image of the Berlin Polyclinic. It highlights the fact that the indigent patients treated there contributed considerably to the budget by paying fees, albeit relatively low ones. While confirming that Eitingon largely funded the clinic, it also points out (what has hardly been known before) that he reduced his support in 1928 and stopped it altogether in 1931.

[From psychotherapy to psychoanalysis: Max Levy-Suhl (1876-1947)].

From psychotherapy to psychoanalysis: Max Levy-Suhl (1876-1947). Levy-Suhl can be considered one of the great practising psychotherapists in early 20th century Berlin. He was active in various fields, including ophthalmology, forensic adolescent psychiatry and hypnosis.

[IPA secretary and patron--Freud's patient, financial administrator and friend. Anton von Freund's letters to Sigmund Freud (1916-1919)].

Although the letters, of which numerous and lengthy excerpts are presented in this paper, have repeatedly been used by scholars, they have so far remained unpublished. There are 45 items, written between 4. 1.

["Snooping" analysts and the project of a rivalling journal. Two little known aspects of the Rank crisis (1924)].

This paper details 1) the attempts of Berlin analysts to ferret out information about Rank's technique by interviewing one of his analysands, and 2) Berlin plans to found a new journal called Psychoanalytische Klinik.

[Freud's letters to Emil und Mira Oberholzer (1912-1936)].

The 36 letters edited in this contribution touch on Emil O.'s analysis with Freud, on referrals of patients, small favors and Emil O.'s presidency of the Swiss psychoanalytical society (SGPsa) 1919-1928.

[Kurt Goldstein - Albert Moll. Two snapshots of the interaction of Freudians with their scientific and professional environment in the 1920's].

Part 1 documents and discusses a letter, written in 1920 by Rank to Abraham, telling him of two Frankfurt neurologists, Kurt Goldstein and Walther Riese, who had applied for membership in the IPA, and adding recommendations of how to deal with them. Part 2 is concerned with a report, given by Barbara Lantos of some disparaging remarks about psychoanalysis made by Albert Moll which led Freud to withdraw his public support of the 1st International Congress of Sexual Research in 1926. It also refers to an earlier discussion in Berlin where Moll already had made the same critical comments.

[Freud as a father, reflected in his letters to his five older children].

This paper is based on Freud's surviving letters to his five older children, most of them unpublished. They attest the degree of Freud's involvement in upholding his family network which for him was a crucial value. Freud as a father felt particularly responsible in the areas of money and health.

[K. R. Eissler and August Aichhorn. Excerpts from their correspondence 1945-1949].

Following an introduction, which mainly provides biographical information about Eissler's years in Vienna, a considerable part (about one third) of his surviving correspondence with Aichhorn is documented. The main topics of this correspondence include: their friendship and present situation, including the experience of emigration; their current scientific work; political events; the reestablishment of the Viennese Psychoanalytical Association; and the development of psychoanalysis in the U.S.

The Leipzig episode in Freud's life (1859): a new narrative on the basis of recently discovered documents.

This paper sheds new light on the facts and chronology of Sigmund Freud's two-month stay in Leipzig. Using material from the Leipzig city archives, the authors explore the attempts of Freud's father in 1859 to obtain a permanent residence permit in Leipzig for himself and his family. At that time, there was a ban on the immigration of foreign Jews into Saxony, lifted only for merchants whose residence was deemed beneficial to local commerce.

[Palimpsest of an early autobiography of Freud].

The authors present an article on Freud contained in a Russian "Jewish Encyclopedia" (St. Petersburg 1906-13) and discuss to what extent it goes back to Freud who had provided a sketch for it.

[Saved from oblivion. Comments on the English edition of Isidor Sadger's "Recollecting Freud"].

The fact that Isidor Sadger, Freud's self-proclaimed earliest pupil, had written and published his recollections of Freud, has been known for many years. But it had proved impossible to locate a copy of Sadger's book. Now an English version has appeared (to be followed soon by the German original).

[A note on the technical debate between Reich/Fenichel and Theodor Reik (1932-1936)].

Wilhelm Reich's technical emphasis on the "systematic analysis of defenses" was controversial even before 1933. His main opponent in this field was Reik who expressed his criticism several times from 1932 to 1935. For Reik, the analytical process was essentially open, dependent on surprise.

[Psychoanalysis in the advanced vocational training of social workers, Berlin 1930-1933 (Verein Jugendheim)].

The Verein Jugendheim in Berlin-Charlottenburg was a holding organisation of welfare institutions and of training facilities for members of the caring professions. In 1928 it founded a Soziales Institute that offered various courses for advanced vocational training. In those courses depth psychology - mainly represented by the Adlerians, least by the Jungians and increasingly by the Freudians - had a prominent place.

The early history of lay analysis, especially in Vienna, Berlin and London: aspects of an unfolding controversy (1906-24).

Before the First World War, it had been taken for granted that psychoanalysis was carried out by doctors. The IPA, however, also included non-physicians. This corresponded to Freud's view that psychoanalysis was a basic science (psychology of the unconscious) with manifold fields of application in medicine as well as in the humanities.

Fliess versus Weininger, Swoboda and Freud: the plagiarism conflict of 1906 assessed in the light of the documents.

Based on sources that have so far partly been neglected, this paper examines the accusations of plagiarism that Fliess levelled against Weininger, Swoboda and Freud in 1906, trying to determine to what degree they can or cannot be justified. In the case of Weininger it seems clear that his theory of bisexuality was stimulated by an indirect communication of Freud which harked back to a Fliessian idea. But there is no evidence that he had heard anything about the specific version of this theory in which Fliess felt plagiarized.

Max Eitingon and the struggle to establish an international standard for psychoanalytic training (1925-1929).

This paper deals with the first years of the IPA's International Training Commission (ITC). The author begins by outlining the Berlin model of training, including some less familiar aspects, and he describes how the foundation of the ITC in 1925 was designed for promoting the general establishment of institutionalised training according to this pioneer model. In relation to lay analysis, he highlights the issue of central power versus local autonomy with regard to admission policy.