Sample entropy correlates with intraventricular hemorrhage and mortality in premature infants early in life.

Background: Mortality and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are common adverse outcomes in preterm infants and are challenging to predict clinically. Sample entropy (SE), a measure of heart rate variability (HRV), has shown predictive power for sepsis and other morbidities in neonates. We evaluated associations between SE and mortality and IVH in the first week of life.

Improvements in Depression Outcomes Following a Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention in a Polychronic Population: Retrospective Study.

Background: Digital mental health interventions have shown promise in reducing barriers to effective care for depression. Depression and related mental disorders are known to be highly comorbid with common chronic physical conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. While some research has explored the interaction dynamics of treating populations living with both mental and physical disorders, very little is known about such dynamics in digital care.

Improved Glycemic Control With a Digital Health Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Retrospective Study.

Background: Traditional lifestyle interventions have shown limited success in improving diabetes-related outcomes. Digital interventions with continuously available support and personalized educational content may offer unique advantages for self-management and glycemic control.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated changes in glycemic control among participants with type 2 diabetes who enrolled in a digital diabetes management program.

Anterolateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia with omphalocele: a case report and literature review.

The combination of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and omphalocele is quite rare but can be seen in several syndromes. We report on a female newborn with this combination that had not been diagnosed prenatally. The patient suffered respiratory failure that persisted despite intensive care support, suggesting severe secondary pulmonary hypoplasia.

HIV and placental infection modulate the appearance of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in pregnant women who receive intermittent preventive treatment.

Background: Factors involved in the development of resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) by Plasmodium falciparum, particularly in the context of intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp), are not well known. We aimed to determine the impact of IPTp and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on molecular markers of SP resistance and the clinical relevance of resistant infections.

Methods: SP resistance alleles were determined in peripheral (n = 125) and placental (n = 145) P.

Comparison of single-copy and multicopy real-time PCR targets for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in paraffin-embedded tissue.

Real-time PCR can rapidly identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in paraffin-embedded tissue in the absence of microbiological culture. In a comparison of single-copy and multicopy PCR targets in 70 tissue samples, the sensitivities were 26% and 54%, respectively, with 100% specificity. Sensitivity was 75% for newer samples and was not decreased for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) stain-negative specimens.

CRE recombinase-based positive-negative selection systems for genetic manipulation in Trypanosoma brucei.

The limited repertoire of drug-resistance markers imposes a serious obstacle to genetic manipulation of Trypanosoma brucei. Here we describe experiments with a fusion protein that allows positive selection for genome integration followed by CRE recombinase-mediated excision of the marker cassette that can be selected by ganciclovir, although the excision event is so efficient that selection is not strictly necessary. We describe two variants of the tetracycline-inducible pLEW100-based CRE-expression vector that reduced its toxicity when stably integrated into the genome, and we demonstrate that transient transfection of circular pLEW100-CRE is highly efficient at catalyzing marker excision.