Hepatic Gene Expression of Angiogenic and Regeneration Markers in Cats with Congenital Portosystemic Shunts (CPSS).

Congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) are vascular anomalies resulting in liver hypoplasia and hepatic insufficiency. Cats with CPSS typically show signs of hepatic encephalopathy associated with increased ammonia, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Surgical attenuation of the CPSS results in improved liver function, resolution of clinical signs, and increased portal blood flow.

Impact of an educational intervention on public perception of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in brachycephalic dogs.

Background: The popularity of brachycephalic dogs continues to increase despite inherent breed health problems. Increased education of current and potential brachycephalic dog owners could reduce the desirability of severely affected dogs.

Methods: Members of the general public were prospectively recruited to assess their understanding and opinions of brachycephalic breed-related health problems, before and after an educational intervention on brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).

Long-term outcome and quality of life of dogs that developed neurologic signs after surgical treatment of a congenital portosystemic shunt: 50 cases (2005-2020).

Objective: To determine survival time and quality of life of dogs that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after surgical treatment of a single congenital portosystemic shunt and survived at least 30 days and identify whether neurologic signs present at the time of discharge would resolve or reoccur.

Animals: 50 client-owned dogs.

Procedures: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and follow-up data relating to neurologic signs and seizure activity were obtained.

Postattenuation neurologic signs after surgical attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: A review.

The development of postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) is a poorly understood and potentially devastating complication after surgical attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs. Postattenuation neurologic signs include seizures but also more subtle neurologic signs such as depression, behavioral changes, tremors, and twitching. They most commonly occur within 7 days postoperatively and are typically unrelated to hyperammonemia, hypoglycemia, or electrolyte disturbances.

Owner reported breathing scores, accelerometry and sleep disturbances in brachycephalic and control dogs: A pilot study.

Objectives: To compare physical activity and length and quality of sleep between brachycephalic dogs and a control population.

Methods: Brachycephalic and control dogs were prospectively enrolled. Length of activity and sleep were determined via accelerometer use.

Sensitivity of the Natriuretic Peptide/cGMP System to Hyperammonaemia in Rat C6 Glioma Cells and GPNT Brain Endothelial Cells.

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the major natriuretic peptide of the central nervous system and acts via its selective guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) receptor to regulate cGMP production in neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells. CNP is implicated in the regulation of neurogenesis, axonal bifurcation, as well as learning and memory. Several neurological disorders result in toxic concentrations of ammonia (hyperammonaemia), which can adversely affect astrocyte function.

Incidence and risk factors for neurological signs after attenuation of a single congenital portosystemic shunt in 50 cats.

Objective: To determine the incidence, outcome, and risk factors for postattenuation neurological signs (PANS) in cats treated for single congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Animals: Cats (n = 50) with a single CPSS.

Incidence and risk factors for neurological signs after attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts in 253 dogs.

Objective: To determine the incidence, outcome, and risk factors for postattenuation neurological signs (PANS) and seizures after attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) in dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Sample Population: Dogs (N = 253) with single CPSS.

Haematology and coagulation profiles in cats with congenital portosystemic shunts.

Objectives The objectives of this study were, first, to report the haematological parameters and coagulation times for cats with a congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS) and the influence of surgical shunt attenuation on these parameters; and, second, to identify any association between prolongation in coagulation profiles and incidence of perioperative haemorrhage. Methods This was a retrospective clinical study using client-owned cats with a CPSS. Signalment, shunt type (extra- or intrahepatic), degree of shunt attenuation (complete or partial), haematological parameters, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test results, and occurrence of any perioperative clinical bleeding complications were recorded for cats undergoing surgical treatment of a CPSS at the Royal Veterinary College, UK, between 1994 and 2011.

Electrosurgery reduces blood loss and immediate postoperative inflammation compared to cold instruments for midline celiotomy in dogs: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To compare the use of an electrosurgical device with traditional cold instruments (scalpel and scissors) for midline celiotomy incision.

Study Design: Prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.

Sample Population: One hundred and twenty client-owned dogs undergoing abdominal surgery.

Retrospective evaluation of recurrent secondary septic peritonitis in dogs (2000-2011): 41 cases.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of recurrent septic peritonitis in dogs.

Design: Multicenter retrospective observational study.

Animals: Client-owned dogs with recurrent septic peritonitis.

Impact of Facial Conformation on Canine Health: Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome.

The domestic dog may be the most morphologically diverse terrestrial mammalian species known to man; pedigree dogs are artificially selected for extreme aesthetics dictated by formal Breed Standards, and breed-related disorders linked to conformation are ubiquitous and diverse. Brachycephaly--foreshortening of the facial skeleton--is a discrete mutation that has been selected for in many popular dog breeds e.g.

Strategies for the management and prevention of conformation-related respiratory disorders in brachycephalic dogs.

Brachycephalic (short-muzzled) dogs are increasingly popular pets worldwide, with marked increases in registrations of breeds such as the Pug and French Bulldog over the past decade in the UK. Despite their popularity, many brachycephalic breeds are affected by an early-onset, lifelong respiratory disorder, brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). This disorder arises due to a mismatch in the proportions of the skull and the soft tissues held within the nose and pharynx, resulting in obstruction of the airway during respiration.

Attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunt reduces inflammation in dogs.

Liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. One of the most significant complications in patients with liver disease is the development of neurological disturbances, termed hepatic encephalopathy. The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is incompletely understood, which has resulted in the development of a wide range of experimental models.

Markers of hepatic regeneration associated with surgical attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs.

Dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) have liver hypoplasia and hepatic insufficiency. Surgical CPSS attenuation results in liver growth associated with clinical improvement. The mechanism of this hepatic response is unknown, although liver regeneration is suspected.

Vaginourethroplasty as a salvage procedure for management of traumatic urethral rupture in a cat.

This report describes a cat that suffered pelvic urethral rupture associated with multiple pelvic fractures. A vaginourethroplasty was performed as a salvage procedure, via intrapelvic anastomosis of the proximal urethra to the caudal vagina, following failure of a primary urethral anastomosis. Urinary diversion was achieved via tube cystostomy and a vagino-urethral catheter was maintained for 3 days postoperatively.

Separation of the auricular and annular ear cartilages: surgical repair technique and clinical use in dogs and cats.

Objective: To report a surgical technique for primary repair of separation of the annular and auricular cartilages of the ear and long-term outcome.

Study Design: Case series.

Animals: Cats (3) and dogs (2) with ear canal separation.

Interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma mRNA expression in canine anal furunculosis lesions and the effect of ciclosporin therapy.

German Shepherd Dogs have an increased incidence of anal furunculosis (AF), which is a disease characterised by inflammation and ulceration of the perianal tissues. Ciclosporin, an immunosuppressive drug, has been successfully used to treat AF, suggesting that the pathogenesis of disease is likely to have an immune-mediated component. Previous research has shown that the cytokine mRNA profile in AF lesions is consistent with T cell-mediated inflammation.

Canine stifle positive contrast computed tomography arthrography for assessment of caudal horn meniscal injury: a cadaver study.

Objective: To investigate the use of computed tomography (CT) arthrography in cadaveric canine stifles with particular emphasis on the diagnosis of meniscal injury.

Study Design: Prospective cadaver study.

Sample Population: Pelvic limbs from adult Beagles (n=10).