Cost conscious care: preoperative evaluation by a cardiologist prior to low-risk procedures.

Background: Preoperative testing before low-risk procedures remains overutilised. Few studies have looked at factors leading to increased testing. We hypothesised that consultation to a cardiologist prior to a low-risk procedure leads to increased cardiac testing.

Maternal arrhythmia: a case report and review of the literature.

Unlabelled: Pregnant patients with maternal arrhythmias can be challenging and difficult to treat. Medication choices may be limited in patients who are pregnant. Pregnancy carries with it a unique and complex physiology, coupled with fetal concerns.

Unrepaired tetralogy of fallot with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries in an adult patient.

Tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by a ventricular septal defect, a large, overriding aorta, subpulmonic stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy. These lesions can be associated with abnormal development of the pulmonary vasculature. This can include peripheral pulmonic stenosis, discontinuous pulmonary arteries, anomalous pulmonary venous return, and the development of aortopulmonary collateral vessels.