Mucosal LTE, PGD and 15(S)-HETE as potential prognostic markers for polyp recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Altered biosynthesis of eicosanoids is linked to type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), but their role in recalcitrant NPs is unclear.

Objectives: We sought to identify endotypes that are linked to recalcitrant CRSwNP, based on eicosanoids, their biosynthetic enzymes, and receptors as well as cytokines and the presence of eosinophils and mast cells in recurrent NPs.

Methods: Mucosal tissue collected at the time of sinus surgery from 54 patients with CRSwNP and 12 non-CRS controls were analysed for leukotriene (LT) E4, prostaglandin (PG) D2, 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) and 17 cytokines with ELISAs and Bio-Plex immunoassays.

Distinct eicosanoid patterns in severe recalcitrant nasal polyposis.

Background: Although altered eicosanoid levels are related to disease severity in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), identifying patients prone to recurrent nasal polyps (NPs) is still difficult. We investigated levels of nasally secreted eicosanoids before and after NP surgery in patients with or without NP recurrence (NPR) and explored potential endotypes based on pre-surgical eicosanoid levels.

Methods: Levels of leukotriene (LT) E , LTB , prostaglandin (PG) D , PGE and 15(S) hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15[S]-HETE) were measured in nasal secretions with specific immunoassays at pre-surgery (n = 38) and 6 and 12 months post-surgery (n = 35), with NPR identified endoscopically.

Levels of eicosanoids in nasal secretions associated with nasal polyp severity in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Severe nasal polyposis and mucosal inflammation, in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may include a dysregulated eicosanoid profile, but a clinical role for eicosanoids in CRS with nasal polyps (NP; CRSwNP) remains to be elucidated. This study focused on assessing levels and clinical implications of inflammatory mediators in nasal secretions and urine from patients with different NP severity or Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD). Levels of leukotrienes E and B, prostaglandins D and E as well as 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid were measured with enzyme immunoassays and cytokines with magnetic bead immunoassays.

Hot saline irrigation in comparison to nasal packing after sinus surgery.

Objectives: Previous studies have shown that hot saline solution (HSS) nasal irrigation is effective against nasal bleeding and is used to treat nasal hemorrhage. In a pilot study, we evaluated hot saline nasal irrigation in comparison to a routinely used nasal packing in terms of self-reported complications and mucosal healing after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: Patients undergoing surgery for bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis received polyvinyl acetate (PVA) nasal packing in the left nostril, and the right nostril was rinsed with 47°C sterile saline immediately after surgery.

New Algorithm for the Management of Orbital Blowout Fracture Based on Prospective Study.

Despite extensive debate and publications in the management of blowout fracture (BOF), there are still considerable differences in the surgeons' management of BOF due to a lack of reliable evidence-based studies. This article aimed to evaluate which BOF patients require surgical treatment due to functional and/or cosmetic deformities; evaluate which computed tomography (CT) scan findings predict these problems; and provide an algorithm in the management of BOF. Seventy-nine patients with BOF were treated conservatively and followed up prospectively regarding functional and cosmetic deformities for at least 1 year.

Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study on Orbital Blowout Fracture.

To clarify the conflicting recommendations for care of blowout fracture (BOF), a prospective randomized study is required. Here, we present a prospective randomized pilot study on BOF. This article aimed to evaluate which computed tomography (CT) findings predict late functional and/or cosmetic symptoms in BOF patients with ≥ 1.

Phylogenetic analysis of multiple FISH markers in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma suggests that a diverse distribution of copy number changes is associated with poor prognosis.

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is associated with poor prognosis. To improve prognostication, we analyzed four gene probes (TERC, CCND1, EGFR and TP53) and the centromere probe CEP4 as a marker of chromosomal instability, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in single cells from the tumors of sixty-five OTSCC patients (Stage I, n = 15; Stage II, n = 30; Stage III, n = 7; Stage IV, n = 13). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the FISH data distinguished three clusters related to smoking status.

Still no reliable consensus in management of blow-out fracture.

Background: Management of blow-out fractures (BOF) is addressed by different specialties. The general agreement is that patients with the potential for late enophthalmus development require early surgical intervention. In this study we wanted to: (i) evaluate the differences in opinions between the specialties that manage BOF and also whether there was a difference between surgeons from different countries, (ii) evaluate if surgeons handle these cases based upon their own individual criteria,(1) (iii) evaluate the correlation between the management of patients with orbital floor fractures and any late sequelae detected upon eye examination.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is associated with unfavorable outcome in various cancers, and evidence is accumulating that carcinogenesis possibly evolves from intracellular changes in response to induction of this enzyme. Today selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are being studied and used as complement in cancer treatment. This study examined the prognostic value of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC).

EGFR protein overexpression and gene copy number increases in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

New promising therapeutic agents targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been developed although clinical information concerning EGFR status in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is limited. We investigated EGFR protein expression and gene copy numbers in 78 pretreatment OTSCC paraffin samples. EGFR protein expression was found in all 78 tumours, of which 72% showed an intense staining.

The incidence of tonsillar cancer in Sweden is increasing.

Conclusions: The incidence of tonsillar cancer in Sweden is increasing, particularly among men. Risk factors other than smoking may have contributed to the observed secular trend in men. In women, however, smoking can be a part of the explanation.