Publications by authors named "Michael R Nadorff"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated how insomnia relates to anxiety and depression over three years among 3,415 older adults aged 66-103.
- It found that both onset and maintenance of insomnia play a role in the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms, acting as mediators.
- The researchers suggest further studies are needed to explore these findings, which could help in developing prevention and treatment strategies for insomnia and mental health issues in older adults.
Article Synopsis
- Discrimination negatively impacts sleep quality for Black Americans, contributing to health inequities, but its psychological mechanisms are not fully understood.
- The study utilized four research designs with a total of 1,176 participants to assess discrimination, Social Pain Minimization (SPM), and sleep quality through various established measures.
- Results indicate that discrimination adversely affects sleep quality partly through emotion invalidation (SPM), demonstrating that the emotional toll of discrimination also contributes to sleep issues.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Nightmares (CBT-N) and targeted lucidity reactivation (TLR) in adults with narcolepsy who experience frequent nightmares.
- Participants showed a significant reduction in nightmare frequency (from 8.38 to 2.25 per week) and improved overall sleep quality, with notable improvements in nightmare severity and related symptoms such as sleep paralysis.
- The findings suggest that CBT-N and TLR could be beneficial treatments for managing nightmares in individuals with narcolepsy, highlighting the need for more focused clinical trials in this area.
Background: Preliminary data suggests that obesity might hasten the decline in mRNA vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-CoV-2. However, whether this renders individuals with obesity more susceptible to long COVID symptoms post-vaccination remains uncertain. Given sleep's critical role in immunity, exploring the associations between obesity, probable long COVID symptoms, and sleep disturbances is essential.
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- A study aimed to explore the prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, hypothesizing that existing symptoms worsened and new symptoms emerged due to pandemic-related stressors.
- An online survey conducted from May to August 2020 included 17,846 adults across 15 countries and found that RLS symptoms increased significantly during the pandemic (9.1%) compared to pre-pandemic levels (5.4%).
- Factors like insomnia severity, younger age, social restrictions, financial difficulties, and mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, were strongly linked to both existing and new-onset RLS symptoms during the pandemic.
Article Synopsis
- The study sought to validate the Disturbing Dream and Nightmare Severity Index (DDNSI) in a clinical context, as it lacked psychometric evidence despite being used widely.
- Two groups of U.S. inpatients (adults and adolescents) provided data to assess nightmares, sleep quality, and related psychological symptoms.
- The findings confirmed that the DDNSI effectively measures nightmare frequency and distress, correlating well with related psychological issues, thus solidifying its relevance for future nightmare research.
This article presents a comprehensive review of nightmare disorder, covering diagnosis, treatment approaches, guidelines, and considerations. It begins with an introduction, defining the disorder and addressing its prevalence and psychosocial implications. The article explores assessment tools for diagnosis and then delves into psychological and pharmacologic treatment modalities, examining their efficacy and side effects.
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- The study explores how self-rated health (SRH) relates to sleep patterns in people who had COVID-19, suggesting that COVID-19 negatively impacts SRH and sleep quality.
- Participants from 16 countries were surveyed, with findings indicating that those infected with COVID-19 reported lower SRH scores, especially if their illness was severe.
- Changes in sleep duration after infection—both decreases and increases—were significantly linked to lower SRH scores, as well as increased fatigue and other health issues, highlighting the importance of sleep in recovery.
Objective: There is evidence of a strong association between insomnia and COVID-19, yet few studies have examined the relationship between insomnia and long COVID. This study aimed to investigate whether COVID-19 patients with pre-pandemic insomnia have a greater risk of developing long COVID and whether long COVID is in turn associated with higher incident rates of insomnia symptoms after infection.
Methods: Data were collected cross-sectionally (May-Dec 2021) as part of an international collaborative study involving participants from 16 countries.
Study Objectives: Preliminary evidence suggests that the risk of Long COVID is higher among people with pre-existing medical conditions. Based on its proven adjuvant role in immunity, habitual sleep duration may alter the risk of developing Long COVID. The objective of this study was to determine whether the odds of Long COVID are higher among those with pre-existing medical conditions, and whether the strength of this association varies by habitual sleep duration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrior research has demonstrated the strong link between sleep disturbance and mental health outcomes, including the importance of examining nighttime sleep quality and daytime sleepiness as separate constructs in relation to mental health outcomes. As such, the current study examined patients' self-reported nighttime sleep quality and daytime sleepiness trajectories over the course of inpatient treatment and how these trajectories related to treatment outcomes. Participants were 1,500 adults who voluntarily admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital.
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- The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted sleep patterns, increasing instances of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), excessive quantity of sleep (EQS), and fatigue among people globally.
- A study involving nearly 18,785 participants showed that EDS rose from 17.9% to 25.5% and fatigue from 19.4% to 28.3% during the pandemic, particularly in those who reported having contracted COVID-19.
- Key predictors for EDS and fatigue included shorter-than-desired sleep duration, depressive symptoms, use of sleep medications, and a history of COVID-19, pointing to the need for effective prevention and treatment strategies for related long-term conditions.
The present study had two main aims. First, to investigate whether shift/night workers had a higher prevalence and severity of COVID-19 compared with day workers. Second, to investigate whether people regularly working in face-to-face settings during the pandemic exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of COVID-19 compared with those having no need to be in close contact with others at work.
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- Many individuals experience long-COVID or post-acute sequelae, but definitions and prevalence are still being studied.
- A study with over 13,600 participants from various countries found that severe COVID-19 cases, particularly those requiring hospitalization, showed higher prevalence of long-lasting symptoms.
- Key symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness, highlighting the need for attention to sleep-related issues in diagnosing and treating long-COVID.
Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Traumatized Us Collectively? The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Sleep Factors via Traumatization: A Multinational Survey.
Nat Sci Sleep
August 2022
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic affects mental health and sleep, resulting in frequent nightmares. Therefore, identifying factors associated with nightmare frequency is important, as it can indicate mental health issues. The study aimed to investigate increases in nightmare frequency comparing the pre-pandemic and pandemic period, and identify its risk factors.
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- Increasing concerns regarding long-term effects of COVID-19 include reports of parkinsonism and changes in sleep patterns, particularly associated with REM sleep.
- A study conducted online from May to August 2020 included over 26,000 participants and assessed dream-enactment behaviors linked to REM sleep behavior disorder, finding a higher prevalence among those who had COVID-19.
- Results indicated that dream-enactment behaviors were more common in younger males and were associated with several factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and PTSD symptoms, suggesting a need for further investigation into COVID-19's potential neurodegenerative effects.
Article Synopsis
- * Results indicated that while dream recall was similar between the groups, COVID-19 patients experienced significantly more nightmares during the pandemic compared to controls, and had higher levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms.
- * The study concluded that various psychological factors, including the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and sleep quality, are linked to increased nightmare frequency in those affected by the virus.