Coronary Artery Aneurysms Following Repair of Transposition of the Great Arteries.

• Periodic surveillance after ASO for TGA with multimodality imaging is recommended. • New aneurysms may be detected in patients with antecedent KD. • KD should be suspected in patients with CAA even without previously known illness.

A Reference Equation for Peak Oxygen Uptake for Pediatric Patients Who Undergo Treadmill Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.

Pediatric patients are often referred to cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) laboratories for assessment of exercise-related symptoms. For clinicians to understand results in the context of performance relative to peers, adequate fitness-based prediction equations must be available. However, reference equations for prediction of peak oxygen uptake (VO) in pediatrics are largely developed from field-based testing, and equations derived from CPET are primarily developed using adult data.

Tricuspid Atresia with Absent Pulmonary Valve with Nearly Discontinuous Branch Pulmonary Arteries.

Absent pulmonary valve with tricuspid atresia or tricuspid stenosis (APV-TA/TS) is an extremely rare congenital heart defect associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Compared to Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome, branch pulmonary arteries are not typically significantly dilated. We present the case of a newborn male prenatally diagnosed APV-TA with intact ventricular septum (IVS) and nearly discontinuous branch pulmonary arteries, the surgical strategy employed, and the salient hemodynamic factors considered in the medical decision-making.

Reference Values for Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients Aged 6 to 18 Years.

Objective: To develop reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness, as quantified by peak oxygen uptake (VO) and treadmill time, in patients aged 6 through 18 years referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Study Design: We reviewed a clinical pediatric CPET database for fitness data in children aged 6-18 years with no underlying heart disease. CPET was obtained via the Bruce protocol utilizing objectively confirmed maximal effort via respiratory exchange ratio.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in children after recovery from symptomatic COVID-19 or MIS-C: a prospective study.

Background: Cardiac evaluations, including cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and biomarker results, are needed in children during mid-term recovery after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The incidence of CMR abnormalities 1-3 months after recovery is over 50% in older adults and has ranged between 1 and 15% in college athletes. Abnormal cardiac biomarkers are common in adults, even during recovery.

Influence of Fetal Diagnosis on Management of Vascular Rings.

Background: Fetal diagnoses of vascular rings have been increasing. We compared management strategies and outcomes of infants with fetal diagnosis with those with postnatal diagnosis to inform recommendations regarding optimal management.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of vascular ring operations from January 2000 to June 2019.

Practice Variations in Pediatric Echocardiography Laboratories.

Quantification guidelines for pediatric echocardiograms were published in 2010 establishing consensus regarding standard measurements. However, a standard protocol for performance and analysis of pediatric echocardiograms was not defined. This study aims to identify practice variations among pediatric laboratories.

Long-Term Outcomes of Coarctation Repair Through Left Thoracotomy.

Background: Optimal surgical approach for repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate reintervention rates and its predictors by using a strategy of resection with extended end-to-end anastomosis (REEEA) through left thoracotomy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for all patients who underwent isolated CoA repair or simultaneous repair of CoA and ventricular septal defect repair by REEEA between January 2000 and December 2015 at Ann & Robert H.

Giant coronary artery aneurysms in an infant with Kawasaki disease: Evaluation by echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis that affects medium-sized arteries and can lead to coronary artery aneurysms. KD should be considered in any infant presenting with prolonged fever. Delaying treatment beyond Day 10 of fever portends a high risk of coronary artery aneurysms.

Aortic Implantation of Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery: Long-Term Outcomes.

Background: Since 1989 all patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery at our institution have been treated with aortic implantation. The purpose of this review was to assess the late outcomes of these patients, especially regarding left ventricular (LV) function and mitral valve insufficiency.

Methods: Between 1989 and 2014, 36 patients had aortic implantation of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.

Newborn pulse oximetry screening to detect critical congenital heart disease.

Objectives: To describe current practice and clarify provider opinion in the US with regard to newborn pulse oximetry screening (NPOx) for critical congenital heart disease.

Study Design: An internet-based questionnaire was forwarded to general pediatricians, neonatologists, and family medicine physicians. Physicians were surveyed regarding involvement in newborn medicine, knowledge of NPOx recommendations, and opinions regarding screening.

The use of newborn screening pulse oximetry to detect cyanotic congenital heart disease: a survey of current practice at Army, Navy, and Air Force hospitals.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of newborn screening pulse oximetry (+POx) among military hospitals, including barriers to instituting protocols.

Methods: An internet-based questionnaire was forwarded to the senior pediatricians at military hospitals worldwide supporting newborn deliveries.

Results: Forty seven of 53 hospitals (88%) supporting deliveries responded to the survey.

Captopril induced reversible acute renal failure in a premature neonate with double outlet right ventricle and congestive heart failure.

Background: captopril is well tolerated in most patients. There is no report of acute deterioration in renal function after administration of captopril in neonates with congestive heart failure secondary to congenital heart defects with large left-to-right shunts.

Methods: we report a premature neonate with double outlet right ventricle and congestive heart failure who developed acute renal failure after administration of captopril at a low dose of 0.

Successful transcatheter coil occlusion of a right-sided patent ductus arteriosus with aberrant left subclavian artery.

Right aortic arch is a relatively rare congenital anomaly. The combination of a right aortic arch, a right patent ductus arteriosus, and an aberrant left subclavian artery in a child with an otherwise structurally normal heart is very uncommon. We report the successful transcatheter coil occlusion of a right-sided patent ductus arteriosus in a child with the above-mentioned anatomy.