Dataset providing boundary conditions of an experimental test bench to numerically investigate flame wall interactions using CFD.

The data provided allows other research groups to numerically investigate the flame wall interactions of an experimental test bench at the University of the Bundeswehr Munich. Numerical simulations can then be compared to the experimental results to test new models. Three data sets are available.

A new level of in vivo singlet molecular oxygen luminescence measurements.

Background: Singlet oxygen is known to be the main mediator of the photodynamic effect. The kinetics of its generation and deactivation allows for insights in the microenvironment and efficacy of the photodynamic effect. Therefore, it is highly desirable to perform direct and time resolved measurements of singlet molecular oxygen (O) as well as data analysis during the therapy.

Mosquito larvae control by photodynamic inactivation of their intestinal flora - a proof of principal study on Chaoborus sp.

Mosquitoes are carriers of dangerous infectious disease pathogens all over the world. Owing to travelling and global warming, tropical disease-carrying species such as Aedes, Anopheles and Culex spread beyond tropical and subtropical zones, even to Europe. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of photodynamic agents to combat mosquito larvae.

In vivo singlet molecular oxygen measurements: Sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation during PDT.

Background: Direct singlet molecular oxygen detection is known to be a valuable tool for understanding photodynamic action. It could become useful for optimizing illumination schedules in photodynamic therapy. The method of time resolved singlet molecular oxygen luminescence detection can give insights into generation of singlet oxygen and its interaction with the environment and therefore possibly allows monitoring the treatments efficacy.

Prospects of in vivo singlet oxygen luminescence monitoring: Kinetics at different locations on living mice.

Background: Singlet oxygen observation is considered a valuable tool to assess and optimize PDT treatment. In complex systems, such as tumors in vivo, only the direct, time-resolved singlet oxygen luminescence detection can give reliable information about generation and interaction of singlet oxygen. Up to now, evaluation of kinetics was not possible due to insufficient signal-to-noise ratio.

Photodynamic inactivation of mold fungi spores by newly developed charged corroles.

The photodynamic effect, originally used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of different diseases, e.g. of cancer, has recently been introduced for the inactivation of bacteria.

Granular elasticity: stress distributions in silos and under point loads.

An elastic-strain-stress relation, the result of granular elasticity as introduced in the preceding paper, is employed here to calculate the stress distribution (a) in cylindrical silos and (b) under point loads assuming uniform density. In silos, the ratio k{J} between the horizontal and vertical stress is found to be constant (as conjectured by Janssen) and given as k{J}=1-sin phi (with phi the Coulomb yield angle), in agreement with a construction industry standard usually referred to as the Jaky formula. Next, the stress distribution at the bottom of a granular layer exposed to a point force at its top is calculated.

Granular elasticity: general considerations and the stress dip in sand piles.

Granular materials are predominantly plastic, incrementally nonlinear, preparation-dependent, and anisotropic under shear. Nevertheless, their static stress distribution is well accounted for, in the whole range up to the point of failure, by a judiciously tailored isotropic nonanalytic elasticity theory termed granular elasticity. The first purpose of this paper is to carefully expound this view.