The racial economy of psychological care: Professionalism, social justice, and political action during american psychology's communitarian moment.

The 1960s and 1970s saw the overt "politicization" of the American Psychological Association as an organization. Politics in this context carried a dual meaning referring to both political lobbying to promote the interests of psychology as a health profession and grassroots political action to advance social justice causes. In the years between the passage of the Community Mental Health Act (1963) and the Vail Conference on levels and patterns of professional training in psychology (1973), these two forms of politics were intertwined.

"Angela's psych squad": Black psychology against the American carceral state in the 1970s.

This article examines the duality of the Black psychology movement in the United States as both a distinctly American and a postcolonial approach to mental health. The Westside Community Mental Health Center in San Francisco served as the organizational hub for the Association for Black Psychologists (ABPsi) in the 1970s. The Westside clinicians understood forensic psychology as a kind of preventative care as California, more so than any other state, was seduced by the eugenic dream of human improvement through therapeutic interventions in schools and prisons intended to correct the wayward deviant.

Interdisciplinary interprofessional education using an online learning environment called values exchange: A qualitative investigation.

Introduction: Interprofessional education (IPE) is implemented throughout the curricula of student healthcare professions as it is understood to provide positive impact on patient outcomes in the clinical environment. There are different methods to provide IPE such as through online learning or traditional face-to-face methods. However, there is a lack of research surrounding the use of Online Learning Environments (OLEs) to teach IPE.

Trihydroxycholanoyl-taurine in brains of rodents with hepatic encephalopathy.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neurological disease resulting from liver failure, is difficult to manage and its causes are unclear. Bile acids have been postulated to be involved in the provenance and progression of various diseases including HE. Hence, the characterization of bile acid profiles in the brains of subjects with and without liver failure can provide important clues for the potential treatment of HE.

MALDI imaging directed laser ablation tissue microsampling for data independent acquisition proteomics.

A multimodal workflow for mass spectrometry imaging was developed that combines MALDI imaging with protein identification and quantification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Thin tissue sections were analyzed by MALDI imaging, and the regions of interest (ROI) were identified using a smoothing and edge detection procedure. A midinfrared laser at 3-μm wavelength was used to remove the ROI from the brain tissue section after MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI).

Infrared laser ablation sampling coupled with data independent high resolution UPLC-IM-MS/MS for tissue analysis.

Infrared laser ablation microsampling was used with data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and ion mobility-enhanced data-independent acquisition (HDMS) for mass spectrometry based bottom-up proteomics analysis of rat brain tissue. Results from HDMS and DDA analyses of the 12 laser ablation sampled tissue sections showed that HDMS consistently identified approximately seven times more peptides and four times more proteins than DDA. To evaluate the impact of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) peak congestion on HDMS and DDA analysis, whole tissue digests from rat brain were analyzed at six different UPLC separation times.

Broadband ion mobility deconvolution for rapid analysis of complex mixtures.

High resolving power ion mobility (IM) allows for accurate characterization of complex mixtures in high-throughput IM mass spectrometry (IM-MS) experiments. We previously demonstrated that pure component IM-MS data can be extracted from IM unresolved post-IM/collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS data using automated ion mobility deconvolution (AIMD) software [Matthew Brantley, Behrooz Zekavat, Brett Harper, Rachel Mason, and Touradj Solouki, J. Am.

Optimized method for determination of 16 FDA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in mainstream cigarette smoke by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was validated for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the FDA list of 93 harmful or potentially harmful constituents of mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS). Target analytes were extracted from total particulate matter using accelerated solvent extraction with a toluene/ethanol solvent mixture. Matrix artefacts were removed by two-step solid-phase extraction process.

Automated peak width measurements for targeted analysis of ion mobility unresolved species.

Peak broadening in ion mobility (IM) is a relatively predictable process and abnormally broad peaks can be indicative of the presence of unresolved species. Here, we introduce a new ion mobility peak fitting (IM_FIT) software package for automated and systematic determination of traveling wave ion mobility (TWIM) unresolved species. To identify IM unresolved species, the IM_FIT software generates a trend line by plotting ions' mobility peak widths as a function of their arrival times.

Historical time in the age of big data: Cultural psychology, historical change, and the Google Books Ngram Viewer.

Launched in 2010, the Google Books Ngram Viewer offers a novel means of tracing cultural change over time. This digital tool offers exciting possibilities for cultural psychology by rendering questions about variation across historical time more quantitative. Psychologists have begun to use the viewer to bolster theories about a historical shift in the United States from a more collectivist to individualist form of selfhood and society.

Feminism and/in/as psychology: The public sciences of sex and gender.

In our introduction to this special issue on the histories of feminism, gender, sexuality, and the psy-disciplines, we propose the tripartite framework of "feminism and/in/as psychology" to conceptualize the dynamics of their conjoined trajectories and relationship to gender and sexuality from the late 19th through the late 20th centuries. "Feminism and psychology" highlights the tensions between a political movement and a scientific discipline and the efforts of participants in each to problematize the other. "Feminism in psychology" refers to those historical moments when self-identified feminists intervened in psychology to alter its content, methodologies, and populations.

Collision-energy resolved ion mobility characterization of isomeric mixtures.

Existing instrumental resolving power limitations in ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) often restrict adequate characterization of unresolved or co-eluting chemical isomers. Recently, we introduced a novel chemometric deconvolution approach that utilized post-IM collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectrometry (MS) data to extract "pure" IM profiles and construct CID mass spectra of individual components from a mixture containing two IM-overlapped components [J. Am.

Multispecies networks: visualizing the psychological research of the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex.

In our current moment, there is considerable interest in networks, in how people and things are connected. This essay outlines one approach that brings together insights from actor-network theory, social network analysis, and digital history to interpret past scientific activity. Multispecies network analysis (MNA) is a means of understanding the historical interactions among scientists, institutions, and preferred experimental animals.

The queer life of a lab rat.

The laboratory rat is an important, if neglected, actor in the history of sexuality. From the 1920s and 1940s, a series of reports emerged from American psychology laboratories detailing instances of spontaneous "reversals" in sexual behavior within their rat colonies. Frank Beach, then at the American Museum of Natural History, developed a model for the "nature" of sexuality that stressed that all organisms had the neurological capacity to perform behavior of either sex.

The con man as model organism: the methodological roots of Erving Goffman's dramaturgical self.

This article offers a historical analysis of the relationship between the practice of participant-observation among American sociologists and Erving Goffman's dramaturgical model of the self. He was a social scientist who privileged ethnography in the field over the laboratory experiment, the survey questionnaire, or the mental test. His goal was a natural history of communication among humans.

The new woman as "tied-up dog": Amy E. Tanner's situated knowledges.

Amy E. Tanner pursued a series of ventures on the margins of the discipline of psychology from 1895 through the 1910s. As a midwesterner and a woman, she found herself denied opportunities at both research universities and elite women's colleges, spending the most visible phase of her career as G.

The unwary purchaser: consumer psychology and the regulation of commerce in America.

Starting in the 1870s, American jurists deciding cases of trademark infringement began advancing arguments that the ordinary purchaser was an unwary one, easily deceived by imitations. Embedded within their legal decisions was a vision of the typical consumers' habitual behavior and cognitive ability. In response to legal critics who argued that the presumed psychology of the consumer was unevenly deployed, applied psychologists developed laboratory-based experiments and scales for determining the likelihood that the "average" purchaser would be confused.

Joseph Jastrow, the psychology of deception, and the racial economy of observation.

This article reconstructs the recurring themes in the career of Joseph Jastrow, both inside and outside the laboratory. His psychology of deception provides the bridge between his experimental and popular pursuits. Furthermore, Jastrow's career illustrates the complex ways in which scientific psychology and pragmatist philosophy operated within the constraints of a moral economy deeply marked by notions of "race.

"The joy in believing": the Cardiff giant, commercial deceptions, and styles of observation in Gilded Age America.

This essay presents a historical epistemology of the nineteenth-century controversy concerning a scientific hoax, the Cardiff giant. My focus is on the shifting meanings given to the giant, which were based on epistemologies derived from scientific authority, religious belief, and market relations. In 1869 a farmer in Cardiff, New York, claimed to have discovered the fossilized remains of a prehistoric, perhaps biblical, giant on his property.

Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Unlabelled: AIM OF THE REVIEW AND METHODS: This review brings together information on the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Published manuscripts were identified from Medline. The articles were then screened for relevance prior to inclusion in the review.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease: clinical features.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic disease affecting up to 40% of people in the Western world. Risk factors associated with GERD include age and lifestyle habits, although the clinically relevant contribution of many of these factors is unclear. In GERD, refluxed gastric acid damages the oesophageal mucosa, generally when the pH falls below 4.