Do athletic ECG changes predict athletic performance in Gurkha recruits?

Introduction: ECG changes are associated with regular long-term intensive exercise due to electrical manifestations of increased vagal tone, increased ventricular wall thickness and enlarged chamber size. The aim of this study was to further understand the relationship of athletic ECG changes and athletic performance in an athletic population.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in 195 Nepali civilian males undergoing selection to the Gurkhas.

Patients' lived experience and reflections on long COVID: an interpretive phenomenological analysis within an integrated adult primary care psychology NHS service.

Background: Long Covid is an unknown illness which has been shown to affect sufferers regardless of mild initial COVID-19 or age. There is still a lot unknown about long COVID illness. There has been a call to understand this illness not only from a professional standpoint but also through the lived experience of patients.

Meta-analysis of self-reported substance use compared with laboratory substance assay in general adult mental health settings.

An accurate assessment of substance use is necessary to make a correct psychiatric diagnosis and to provide appropriate treatment. This study uses meta-analysis to establish the strength of the association between self-reported substance use and the results of laboratory substance assay including the testing for specific substances and screening for any substance use in psychiatric hospitals and in community mental health settings. A systematic search for published studies was supplemented by additional data required for meta-analysis provided by several researchers in this field.

Staff experience, knowledge and attitudes regarding the management of adolescent patients in adult mental health units.

Objective: Inpatient psychiatric care of adolescents should, where possible, be provided in specialized units. However, admission of adolescent patients to adult mental health units does occur. There is a paucity of data about this practice.

Synthesis and structure of 2-pyransoylperimidines.

The first examples of 2-pyranosylperimidines are reported. The β-d-glucopyranosyl nitrile oxide 5, generated by base-induced dehydrochlorination of the hydroximoyl chloride 4, reacted with 1,8-diaminonaphthalene to afford the 2-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)perimidine 8. The d-xylo-, d-galacto-, d-manno- and d-glycero analogues 12, 15, 16 and 19 were prepared similarly.

Clinical decisions in psychiatry should not be based on risk assessment.

Objective: Risk assessments that place patients in high or low risk categories have been widely adopted by mental health services in an attempt to reduce the harms associated with psychiatric disorders. This paper examines the effects of categorization based on the results of a risk assessment.

Methods: The violence prediction instrument derived from the MacArthur Study of Mental Disorder and Violence was used to illustrate the nature and effects of risk assessment and the consequent categorization of patients.

'Governance of' and 'Governance by': implementing a clinical governance framework in an area mental health service.

Objective: A framework developed to promote the understanding and application of clinical governance principles in an area mental health service is described. The framework is operationalized through systems, processes, roles and responsibilities.

Methods: The development of an explicit and operationalizable framework for clinical governance arose from the authors' experiences in leading and managing mental health services.

Precise synthesis of poly(macromonomer)s containing sugars by repetitive ROMP and their attachments to poly(ethylene glycol): synthesis, TEM analysis and their properties as amphiphilic block fragments.

Various poly(macromonomer)s (PMMs) have been prepared by a repeating ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) technique using the well-defined molybdenum initiators of the type, [Mo(CHCMe(2)Ph)(NAr)(OR)(2)] with OR=OCMe(3), OCMeC(CF(3))(2); Ar=2,6-iPr(2)C(6)H(3), 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3). The synthetic strategy is based on the polymerization of norbornene and its derivatives affording di- and triblock side chains bearing sugars (mannose, galactose, glucose etc.), linked via O- (ester), and glycosidase resistant C- (isoxazoline) glycosides.

Synthesis, structure and reactivity of 5-pyranosyl-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-ones.

5-(1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-xylopyranos-5S-C-yl)-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one (8) has been prepared from glucuronamide in two steps and 73% overall yield by conversion to the tetra-O-acetyl derivative 7 followed by reaction with chlorocarbonylsulfenyl chloride. 5-(2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one (12) was synthesised from D-xylose by a four-step sequence involving conversion to the xylopyranosylnitromethane derivative 9, reaction with PCl3 to afford nitrile 10, hydrolysis to amide 11, and finally treatment with ClCOSCl. D-glucose-derived analogue 13 was prepared similarly.

Malaria control with genetically manipulated insect vectors.

At a recent workshop, experts discussed the benefits, risks, and research priorities associated with using genetically manipulated insects in the control of vector-borne diseases.