Top-down and bottom-up oscillatory dynamics regulate implicit visuomotor sequence learning.

Implicit visuomotor sequence learning is crucial for acquiring skills that result in automated behaviors. The oscillatory dynamics underpinning this learning process are not well understood. To address this gap, the current study employed electroencephalography with a medium-density array (64 electrodes) to investigate oscillatory activity associated with implicit visuomotor sequence learning in the Serial Reaction Time task.

Pupillometry reveals resting state alpha power correlates with individual differences in adult auditory language comprehension.

Although individual differences in adult language processing are well-documented, the neural basis of this variability remains largely unexplored. The current study addressed this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between resting state alpha activity and individual differences in auditory language comprehension. Alpha oscillations modulate cortical excitability, facilitating efficient information processing in the brain.

A Daytime Nap Does Not Enhance the Retention of a First-Order or Second-Order Motor Sequence.

This study examined the effects of a daytime nap on the retention of implicitly learnt "first-order conditional" (FOC) and "second-order conditional" (SOC) motor sequences. The implicit learning and retention of a motor sequence has been linked to the neural processes undertaken by the basal ganglia and primary motor cortex (i.e.

Assessing cerebellar-cortical connectivity using concurrent TMS-EEG: a feasibility study.

Combined single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to probe the features of local networks in the cerebral cortex. Here, we investigated whether we can use this approach to explore long-range connections between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Ten healthy adults received single-pulse suprathreshold TMS to the cerebellum and an occipital/parietal control site with double-cone and figure-of-eight coils while cerebral activity was recorded.

The Effect of Visual Articulatory Information on the Neural Correlates of Non-native Speech Sound Discrimination.

Behavioral studies have shown that the ability to discriminate between non-native speech sounds improves after seeing how the sounds are articulated. This study examined the influence of visual articulatory information on the neural correlates of non-native speech sound discrimination. English speakers' discrimination of the Hindi dental and retroflex sounds was measured using the mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential, before and after they completed one of three 8-min training conditions.

Dissociable implicit sequence learning mechanisms revealed by continuous theta-burst stimulation.

The primary motor area (M1) has been implicated in visuomotor sequence learning. However, it has been suggested there are multiple neural networks that undertake visuomotor sequence learning. The role of M1 in sequence learning may be specific to learning simple sequences comprising predictable associations between adjacent movements.

Acquiring research-grade ERPs on a shoestring budget: A comparison of a modified Emotiv and commercial SynAmps EEG system.

This study compared the performance of a low-cost wireless EEG system to a research-grade EEG system on an auditory oddball task designed to elicit N200 and P300 ERP components. Participants were 15 healthy adults (6 female) aged between 19 and 40 (M = 28.56; SD = 6.

Transcranial electrical stimulation during sleep enhances declarative (but not procedural) memory consolidation: Evidence from a meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis summarizes research examining whether transcranial electrical stimulation (transcranial direct current stimulation with oscillating and constant currents; transcranial alternating current stimulation), administered during sleep, can modulate declarative and procedural memory consolidation. Included in the meta-analysis were 13 experiments that represented data from 179 participants. Study findings were summarized using standardized mean difference (SMD) which is an effect size that summarizes differences in standard deviation units.