IL-36 signalling enhances a pro-tumorigenic phenotype in colon cancer cells with cancer cell growth restricted by administration of the IL-36R antagonist.

The IL-36 cytokines are a recently described subset of the IL-1 family of cytokines, shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Given the link between IBD and colitis -associated cancer, as well as the involvement of other IL-1 family members in intestinal tumorigenesis, the aim of this work was to investigate whether IL-36 cytokines play a role in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Whilst research to date has focused on the role of IL-36 family members in augmenting the immune response to induce tumour rejection, very little remains known about IL-36R signalling in tumour cells in this context.

The curative management of synchronous rectal and prostate cancer.

Objective: Neoadjuvant "long-course" chemoradiation is considered a standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer. In addition to prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy with or without androgen suppression (AS) are well established in prostate cancer management. A retrospective review of ten cases was completed to explore the feasibility and safety of applying these standards in patients with dual pathology.

Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis characterized by barium esophagography: a case report.

Introduction: Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is a rare condition characterized by the dilatation of the submucosal glands.

Case Presentation: We present a case of esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis in a 72-year-old Caucasian man who presented with dysphagia and with a background history of alcohol abuse. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy of our patient showed an esophageal stricture with abnormal mucosal appearances, but no malignant cells were seen at biopsy.

The use of molecularly imprinted sol-gels in pharmaceutical separations.

This paper illustrates the potential of the sol-gel process to imprint the pharmaceutical active--N-[N-[(1S)-1-carboxssy-3-phenylpropyl]-l-lysyl]-L-proline, (lisinopril dihydrate). This template exhibits unique difficulties such as limited solubility in non-polar and most polar porogens with multiple functionality evident in its 4 pKa values. Selectivity for this template was achieved using a 3-monomer sol-gel system utilising solid phase extraction (SPE).

Dysplasia of the anal transitional zone after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: results of prospective evaluation after a minimum of ten years.

Purpose: Stapling of the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with preservation of the anal transitional zone remains controversial because of concerns about the potential risk of dysplasia and cancer. The natural history and optimal treatment of anal transitional zone dysplasia ten or more years after surgery are unknown. This study establishes the risk of dysplasia in the anal transitional zone and the outcome of a conservative management policy for anal transitional zone dysplasia, with a minimum of ten years' follow-up after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.