A Scoping Review of Transgender Policies in the 15 Most Commonly Played UK Professional Sports.

Introduction: There has been much debate recently on the participation of transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) athletes in sport, particularly in relation to fairness, safety and inclusion. The 2021 IOC Framework on Fairness, Inclusion and Non-discrimination acknowledges the central role that eligibility criteria play in ensuring fairness, particularly in the female category, and states that athletes should not be excluded solely on the basis of their TGD identity.

Aims: To identify policies that address TGD athlete participation in the 15 major United Kingdom (UK) sporting organisations and to summarise the evidence for each of these policies.

'It's All Downhill from Here': A Scoping Review of Sports-Related Concussion (SRC) Protocols in Downhill Mountain Biking (DHI), with Recommendations for SRC Policy in Professional DMB.

Introduction: Downhill mountain biking (DHI) is a form of cycling and does not currently have a specific sports-related concussion (SRC) assessment.

Objective: To review the extent, range and nature of research investigating SRC in DMB, provide a summary of key literature findings relating to its identification and management, and then develop a SRC protocol specific to DMB.

Design: Scoping review as per recognised methods.

Higher Prevalence of Non-thyroidal-Illness Syndrome in Elderly Male Patients With Active Infection.

It is currently unclear whether the infection leads to associated alterations in thyroid functions and thyroidal illnesses. This study aims to analyse this relationship in an elderly male cohort over a five-year period. A case retrospective study.

Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injections versus intra-articular corticosteroid injections for symptomatic management of knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid (CS) injections are the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic management in knee osteoarthritis (OA), particularly in the UK. IA platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are a promising alternative, but no systematic reviews to date have compared them to the current standard of care, IA CS injections. We aim to investigate the effect of IA PRP injections versus IA corticosteroid injections for the symptomatic management of knee OA.

Pharyngoplasty for Speech Disorders Following Brain Injury.

Introduction: Dysarthria is one of the commonest neurological speech disorders resulting from brain injury. However, hypernasality commonly co-exists in this subgroup of patients and is commonly overlooked. The authors aim to investigate the merit of surgery in improving hypernasality and speech intelligibility in patients with a mixed pattern of dysarthria and hypernasality secondary to brain injury.

Prevalence of sports-related spinal injury stratified by competition level and return to play guidelines.

Spinal injury is among the most severe and feared injuries an athlete may face. We present an up-to-date review of the recent literature, stratifying recommendations based on injury location (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine) and type, as well as, the level of competitive play (high school, collegiate, professional). A literature search was completed to identify all publications reporting return to play guidelines for athletic injuries or injury-related surgery irrespective of the study design.

Risk factors of chronic shunt dependent hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Background: Acute and delayed hydrocephalus are common sequelae following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Aims: To identify factors that may influence cerebrospinal fluid diversion either temporarily or permanently in order to guide clinical judgement.

Methods: Patients treated in our unit between 01/2014 until 12/2017 with aneurysmal SAH were retrospectively analysed to identify significant factors predisposing to CSF diversion.