Dose-Response Relationships Between Radiation Exposure, Bone Marrow Function as Measured by F-Fluorothymidine Positron Emission Tomography, and Lymphocyte Counts During Chemoradiation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: F-fluorothymidine (FLT) positron emission tomography (PET) enables sensitive imaging of bone marrow (BM) proliferation. Sequential FLT-PET/computed tomography scans before and during chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for non-small cell lung cancer were repurposed to investigate the dose-response effects of radiation on BM proliferation.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-six non-small cell lung cancer patients underwent platinum-based CRT to 60 Gy in 30 fractions with FLT-PET/computed tomography scans at baseline, week 2 (20 Gy), and week 4 (40 Gy).

Single gene mutations and prognosis in limited-stage follicular lymphoma treated with radiation therapy.

Radiotherapy is routinely used for management of limited-stage follicular lymphoma (FL), yet half of patients ultimately relapse. We hypothesized that the presence of specific gene mutations may predict outcomes. We performed targeted sequencing of a 69-gene panel in 117 limited-stage FL patients treated with radiotherapy and identified recurrently mutated genes.

Diagnosis, management and follow-up of follicular lymphoma: a consensus practice statement from the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype, accounting for 15-20% of all lymphoma diagnoses. Although typically slow-growing and responsive to frontline therapies, advanced-stage FL remains incurable with current treatments and typically follows a chronic relapsing/remitting course with increasingly shorter responses to subsequent lines of therapy. Outcomes are highly variable; some patients experience prolonged first remissions that may approximate a 'functional cure'.

Response to COVID-19 vaccination imaged by PD-L1 PET scanning.

Background: During a phase 0 clinical trial of an investigational programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) PET tracer in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), three patients received booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines before PD-L1 imaging.

Methods: Five patients underwent whole-body PET/CT imaging with a novel PD-L1 tracer, constructed by attaching Zr to the anti PD-L1 antibody durvalumab. Intramuscular (deltoid) booster doses of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were coincidentally given to three patients in the month before PD-L1 tracer injection.

The impact of pre-treatment smoking status on survival after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Smoking is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer and reduces life expectancy within the general population. Retrospective studies suggest that non-smokers have better outcomes after treatment for lung cancer. We used a prospective database to investigate relationships between pre-treatment smoking status and survival for a cohort of patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with curative-intent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Early circulating tumor DNA dynamics at the commencement of curative-intent radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC.

Background: The kinetics of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) release following commencement of radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy may reflect early tumour cell killing. We hypothesised that an increase in ctDNA may be observed after the first fraction of radiotherapy and that this could have clinical significance.

Materials And Methods: ctDNA analysis was performed as part of a prospective, observational clinical biomarker study of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, treated with curative-intent radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Risk-Directed Ambulatory Thromboprophylaxis in Lung and Gastrointestinal Cancers: The TARGET-TP Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Thromboprophylaxis for individuals receiving systemic anticancer therapies has proven to be effective. Potential to maximize benefits relies on improved risk-directed strategies, but existing risk models underperform in cohorts with lung and gastrointestinal cancers.

Objective: To assess clinical benefits and safety of biomarker-driven thromboprophylaxis and to externally validate a biomarker thrombosis risk assessment model for individuals with lung and gastrointestinal cancers.

Patterns of care for people with small cell lung cancer in Victoria, 2011-19: a retrospective, population-based registry data study.

Objectives: To report stage-specific patterns of treatment and the influence of management and treatment type on survival rates for people newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Design: Cross-sectional patterns of care study; analysis of data prospectively collected for the Victorian Lung Cancer Registry (VLCR).

Setting, Participants: All people diagnosed with SCLC in Victoria during 1 April 2011 - 18 December 2019.

Assessment of lung doses in patients undergoing total body irradiation for haematological malignancies with and without lung shielding.

Introduction: Total body irradiation (TBI) practices vary considerably amongst centres, and the risk of treatment related toxicities remains unclear. We report lung doses for 142 TBI patients who underwent either standing TBI with lung shield blocks or lying TBI without blocks.

Methods: Lung doses were calculated for 142 TBI patients treated between June 2016 and June 2021.

Automated radiosynthesis of [Zr]Zr-DFOSq-Durvalumab for imaging of PD-L1 expressing tumours in vivo.

Objectives: Zr-labelled proteins are gaining importance in clinical research in a variety of diseases. To date, no clinical study has been reported that utilizes an automated approach for radiosynthesis of Zr-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. We aim to develop an automated method for the clinical production of Zr-labelled proteins and apply this method to Durvalumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1 immune-checkpoint protein.

Comparison of Changes in Pulmonary Function After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Versus Conventional 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy for Stage I and IIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Analysis of the TROG 09.02 (CHISEL) Phase 3 Trial.

Purpose: The TROG 09.02 CHISEL trial compared conventional radiation therapy (CRT) with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Patients randomized to SBRT had less local failure and improved overall survival.

Peritransplant Radiation Therapy in Patients With Refractory or Relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplant: Long-Term Results of a Retrospective Study of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi.

Purpose: In this multicenter collaboration, we report real-world data in the largest published series of long-term outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treated with peritransplant radiation therapy (pt-RT) and high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT).

Methods And Materials: We conducted a retrospective analysis including data from 12 institutions. Eligibility required histologic diagnosis of HL, receipt of ASCT plus pt-RT between 2004 and 2014 for r/r HL, and age ≥18 years at the time of ASCT.

An epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced extracellular vesicle prognostic signature in non-small cell lung cancer.

Despite significant therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have a very poor overall five-year survival rate of only 10-20%. Currently, TNM staging is the gold standard for predicting overall survival and selecting optimal initial treatment options for NSCLC patients, including those with curable stages of disease.

ImmunoPET: IMaging of cancer imMUNOtherapy targets with positron Emission Tomography: a phase 0/1 study characterising PD-L1 with Zr-durvalumab (MEDI4736) PET/CT in stage III NSCLC patients receiving chemoradiation study protocol.

Background: ImmunoPET is a multicentre, single arm, phase 0-1 study that aims to establish if Zr-durvalumab PET/CT can be used to interrogate the expression of PD-L1 in larger, multicentre clinical trials.

Methods: The phase 0 study recruited 5 PD-L1+ patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients received 60MBq/70 kg Zr-durva up to a maximum of 74 MBq, with scan acquisition at days 0, 1, 3 or 5±1 day.

Changes in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) in Serial Weekly MRI during Radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Results from the PREDICT-HN Study.

Background: The PREDICT-HN study aimed to systematically assess the kinetics of imaging MR biomarkers during head and neck radiotherapy. Methods: Patients with intact squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were enrolled. Pre-, during, and post-treatment MRI were obtained.

Impact of Medical Operability and Total Metastatic Ablation on Outcomes After SABR for Oligometastases.

Purpose: Medical operability is prognostic for survival after SABR in primary malignancies. This study investigated the prognostic significance of medical operability and total versus subtotal ablation of all oligometastatic disease sites.

Methods And Materials: Consecutive patients with 1 to 5 sites of active extracranial oligometastases had medical operability status and presence of subtotal versus total metastatic ablation recorded prospectively in an institutional database.

Large variation in radiation therapy fractionation for multiple myeloma in Australia.

Aim: To evaluate the patterns of use of different radiation therapy (RT) fractionation for multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort of patients with MM who had RT between 2012 and 2017 as captured in the statewide Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Data Set in Australia. Data linkage was performed to identify subsets of RT delivered within 3 months of death.

Imaging immunity in patients with cancer using positron emission tomography.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and related molecules can achieve tumour regression, and even prolonged survival, for a subset of cancer patients with an otherwise dire prognosis. However, it remains unclear why some patients respond to immunotherapy and others do not. PET imaging has the potential to characterise the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of both immunotherapy target molecules and the tumor immune microenvironment, suggesting a tantalising vision of personally-adapted immunomodulatory treatment regimens.

Blood-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Associated miR-3182 Detects Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

With five-year survival rates as low as 3%, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The severity of the disease at presentation is accredited to the lack of early detection capacities, resulting in the reliance on low-throughput diagnostic measures, such as tissue biopsy and imaging. Interest in the development and use of liquid biopsies has risen, due to non-invasive sample collection, and the depth of information it can provide on a disease.

F-FDG PET and PET/CT as a diagnostic method for Ewing sarcoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of -fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ( F-FDG PET) and PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) in imaging primary and metastatic lesions in Ewing sarcoma (ES).

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies. Data concerning F-FDG PET/CT diagnostic accuracy were extracted and then analyzed using Open Meta-analyst software.