Low-Level BCR::ABL1 Transcript at Diagnosis in Childhood Leukemia: A 10-Year Single Institution Study.

Introduction: Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a high risk form of ALL associated with dismal outcomes in the pre-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era. Addition of a TKI to chemotherapy improves outcomes. Therefore, testing for the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome by at least two methods at the time of diagnosis is critical.

Confirmation of Bevacizumab Activity, and Maintenance of Efficacy in Retreatment After Subsequent Relapse, in Pediatric Low-grade Glioma.

Background: Management of low-grade gliomas (LGG) can be a challenge, particularly when not resectable and refractory or recurrent following standard treatments. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 2 institutions' experiences treating children for refractory or progressive LGG with bevacizumab-based therapy (BBT).

Procedure: Inclusion criteria were patients younger than 18 years of age who had previously failed one or more lines of therapy.

Research with vulnerable families caring for children with life-limiting conditions.

Methodological challenges associated with sensitive research, such as research with vulnerable families, have been well described, but there are few examples of how such challenges have been addressed in specific projects. To help address this gap, we describe how we designed and conducted a qualitative study of 91 members of 29 families caring for children or young people with life-limiting conditions. Although some issues associated with researching sensitive topics were anticipated, others were encountered that were not expected.

Understanding medication adherence in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a review.

Significant numbers of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) do not adequately adhere to their treatment regimen. Failure to take the appropriate amount of prescribed medication may result in disease relapse. Although a number of research studies have sought to identify the factors associated with medication nonadherence in this group, no systematic study has sought to evaluate the efficacy of intervention packages in improving adherence.

Thyroid neoplasia following irradiation in adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Objectives: To describe a cohort of survivors of childhood malignancy at risk of developing thyroid abnormality, and propose guidelines for management of such patients.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Late-effects oncology clinic at a large children's hospital in Sydney.