Trends and disparities in deaths among young persons in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: To examine changes in death rates by demographic group and by the leading causes of death in U.S. persons 1 to 24 years of age during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Reducing relative response factor variation using a multidetector approach for extractables and leachables (E&L) analysis to mitigate the need for uncertainty factors.

Characterization of Extractables and Leachables (E&Ls) is an important aspect of product quality in important fields such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices and food contact materials. The main goal of an E&L study is identification and quantification of those species which may leach from packaging materials used to contain pharmaceuticals or which may leach directly out of a medical device or food contact material and thus may result in patient exposure. It is common practice to perform relative quantitation of extractables and leachables using surrogate standards due to the large diversity of species observed and the lack of available reference standards.

Highly Crystalline Mesoporous Titania Loaded with Monodispersed Gold Nanoparticles: Controllable Metal-Support Interaction in Porous Materials.

We report the syntheses of mesoporous Au/TiO hybrid photocatalysts with ordered and crystalline frameworks using co-assembly of organosilane-containing colloidal amphiphile micelles (CAMs) and poly(ethylene oxide)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as templates. The assembled CAMs can convert to inorganic silica during calcination at elevated temperatures, providing extraordinary thermal stability to preserve the porosity of TiO and the nanostructures of AuNPs. Well-defined AuNPs supported within mesoporous TiO (Au@mTiO) can be prepared using thermal annealing at temperatures up to 800 °C.

Co-Template Directed Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide.

A bottom-up synthetic methodology to encapsulate pre-synthesized, well-defined gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into mesoporous titanium dioxide framework (Au@mTiO ) is reported. This method employs two structurally and chemically similar templates of amphiphilic block copolymers as well as poly(ethylene oxide)-tethered AuNPs, which showed excellent stability during sol-gel transition and thermal annealing at elevated temperatures. Such synthesis enabled precise control of sizes and loading of AuNPs within the mesoporous TiO framework.

Neurovascular aspects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with a complicated and poorly understood pathogenesis. Strong evidence indicates impairment of all neurovascular unit components including the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers (BBB/BSCB) in both patients and animal models. The present review provides an updated analysis of the microvascular pathology and impaired BBB/BSCB in ALS.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a neurovascular disease.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with a complicated pathogenesis. Compelling evidence indicates impairment of all neurovascular unit components including the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers (BBB/BSCB) in both patients and animal models, leading to classification of ALS as a neurovascular disease. The present review provides an updated analysis of the normal and impaired BBB/BSCB, focusing on the ALS-altered barrier.

Blood-brain barrier impairment in an animal model of MPS III B.

Background: Sanfilippo syndrome type B (MPS III B) is caused by a deficiency of α-N-acetylglucosaminidase enzyme, leading to accumulation of heparan sulfate within lysosomes and eventual progressive cerebral and systemic multiple organ abnormalities. However, little is known about the competence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in MPS III B. BBB dysfunction in this devastating disorder could contribute to neuropathological disease manifestations.

Reduction of circulating endothelial cells in peripheral blood of ALS patients.

Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) treatment is complicated by the various mechanisms underlying motor neuron degeneration. Recent studies showed that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) are compromised in an animal model of ALS due to endothelial cell degeneration. A later study demonstrated a loss of endothelium integrity in the spinal cords of ALS patients.