Nephrolithiasis as a cause of hemoptysis.

We report a case of nephrobronchial fistula complicated by the development of a broncholith within the lung, which led to hemoptysis and blood loss anemia. A 71-year-old man with a medical history of untreated urinary stones was admitted for flank pain, hemoptysis, blood loss anemia, and exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis. Computed tomography showed staghorn calculi, terminal hydronephrosis, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis of the left kidney, nephrobronchial fistula, and large intraparenchymal pulmonary calcification.

Nodules that Wax and Wane: Unusual Presentation of Amiodarone Lung Toxicity.

Amiodarone is associated with a wide variety of side effects, but unusual presentations can make it difficult to diagnose and treat. This case report describes amiodarone causing nodular changes in the lung, as opposed to diffuse interstitial disease. After cessation of the medication, there was marked radiographic improvement in the nodules.

Genetic medicines for CF: Hype versus reality.

Since identification of the CFTR gene over 25 years ago, gene therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF) has been actively developed. More recently gene therapy has been joined by other forms of "genetic medicines" including mRNA delivery, as well as genome editing and mRNA repair-based strategies. Proof-of-concept that gene therapy can stabilize the progression of CF lung disease has recently been established in a Phase IIb trial.