Correlation of Refractive Error with Anisometropia Development in Early Childhood.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the type and severity of refractive error and anisometropia development in preschool children.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Data from Maccabi Healthcare Services, Israel's second-largest Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), were analyzed.

Subjective versus objective refraction in healthy young adults.

Purpose: To evaluate objective and subjective refraction differences in healthy young adults.

Methods: Data concerning candidates for the Israeli Air Force Flight Academy, as well as active air force pilots in all stages of service who underwent a routine health checkup between the years 2018 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Objective refraction measured using a single autorefractometer was compared with subjective refraction measured by an experienced military optometrist during the same visit.

Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Outbreak during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Study.

: This study aims to investigate the potential association between the COVID-19 pandemic and a new presentation of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). : A retrospective analysis was conducted, comparing the incidence of new-onset CSCR cases among ophthalmology patients in a regional medical facility in southern Israel between two distinct periods: the COVID-19 pandemic era in Israel, which occurred from 27 February 2020 to 20 December 2020, and the non-pandemic period from calendar years 2018 to 2021, excluding the specific epidemic phase mentioned. Disease severity was evaluated based on recovery time, visual acuity loss, and central macular thickness via OCT.

The Prevalence of Amblyopia and Eye Diseases among Pediatric Jewish Ethiopian Immigrants in Israel: An Observational Cross-sectional Study.

Background: In developed countries, amblyopia has an estimated prevalence rate of 1-4%, depending on the socioeconomic gradient. Previous studies performed on pediatric populations in Ethiopia demonstrated amblyopia rates up to 16.7.

Long-term retinal changes after strabismus surgery, suspected signs of past scleral perforations.

Purpose: Scleral perforation during strabismus surgery is considered a rare complication that usually results in no significant consequences. The true rate of such occurrences is difficult to evaluate due to the young age of most patients and the occult nature of most events. This study aimed to evaluate long-term retinal changes under the suture areas in patients post-strabismus surgery as presumed signs indicating past undiscovered scleral perforations.

The influence of refractive state and heterophorias on visual acuity and stereoacuity in healthy young adults.

Purpose: To evaluate associations of refractive error and heterophoria with best-corrected visual acuity and stereoacuity in a population of healthy young adults.

Methods: Data extracted from the Israeli Defense Forces Air Force candidates database was analyzed retrospectively. Myopia and hyperopia were defined as spherical equivalent of ≤ -0.

COVID-19's Influence on Ocular Emergency Visits at a Tertiary Referral Center and Its Relationship to Emergency Indications by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To examine the trends of ocular emergency admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic at a tertiary care center.

Methods: The study's sample consisted of all patients who were seen in the ophthalmic emergency room (OER) between March 15 and April 15, 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic) and in the same time frame of the previous year. The cases were categorized as urgent vs.

The relationship between education levels, lifestyle, and religion regarding the prevalence of myopia in Israel.

Background: The ultra-Orthodox Jewish community has a unique lifestyle including minimal outdoor activity and intense, prolonged nearby work, beginning at a very young age. Their prevalence of myopia is extremely high. This paper provides a unique insight into the attitudes of this community towards myopia.

Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Optic Pathway Glioma in Children: A Follow-Up of 10 Years or More.

Purpose: This study reports on neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) and a follow-up period of at least 10 years in a cohort of children. OPGs are a common manifestation of NF1 and can cause significant visual morbidity. Long-term follow-up in children with NF1-associated OPGs has not been reported previously.

Inferior rectus displacement in heavy eye syndrome and sagging eye syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate if there is a nasal displacement of the vertical rectus muscles in heavy eye syndrome (HES) and/or sagging eye syndrome (SES) compared with age-matched controls.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of all patients with the diagnosis of HES or SES who were seen at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) between the years 2008-2016 who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits. The control group included patients who had brain and orbital MRIs at UCSD in the absence of known pathology in the orbits or globes.

Pediatric Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in the operating room: review of 87 cases.

Aim: To report a large series of children having Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in the operating room using the lateral decubitus position.

Methods: Medical records of children who underwent Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in the operating room at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago between September 2008 and April 2017 were reviewed.

Identification and Correction of Restrictive Strabismus After Pterygium Excision Surgery.

Purpose: To report the characteristics of patients with restrictive diplopia following pterygium excision and a successful treatment approach for the strabismus.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: This study was set in a single academic institution and included 15 patients with restrictive diplopia after pterygium excision.

Ocular Complications in PHACE Syndrome: A True Association or a Coincidence?

Objective: To characterize the risk for ocular complications in patients with PHACE syndrome.

Study Design: This study included consecutive patients with PHACE syndrome who were seen at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago from January 2000 through May 2017. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed in all patients, with extra attention for findings typically associated with PHACE syndrome.

Morning glory disc anomaly and ipsilateral sporadic optic pathway glioma.

Purpose: To present a rare case of morning glory disc anomaly in association with an ipsilateral low grade glioma.

Observations: A 5 year old male presented with a unilateral morning glory disc anomaly and an ipsilateral sporadic optic pathway glioma with chiasmal involvement. After a strict patching regimen his vision improved from 20/400 to 20/80.

Risk factors for ocular complications in periocular infantile hemangiomas.

Background/objectives: Infantile hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of childhood. Although some children with periocular infantile hemangiomas do not require treatment, these lesions may result in amblyopia and visual impairment if not properly treated. We have attempted to characterize clinical features of periocular infantile hemangiomas that predict negative ocular outcomes and thus require prompt referral to an ophthalmologist and initiation of therapy.

Ultrasonographic prenatal imaging of fetal ocular and orbital abnormalities.

Technological progress in medicine has provided earlier diagnosis, even into the prenatal period. We address ultrasonographic imaging of the prenatal eye and orbit. During development of these structures, multiple pathologies and diseases can arise.

Risk of intraocular and other extracutaneous involvement in patients with cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Background/objectives: Cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma is an uncommon, usually benign disease affecting infants and young children. Ocular and other systemic involvement have been reported, but their incidence is unclear, and the utility of routine screening is not well established. Our aim was to characterize the risk of ocular and systemic complications in children with cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma.

The PlusoptiX Photoscreener and the Retinomax Autorefractor as Community-based Screening Devices for Preschool Children.

Purpose: To compare the performance of the PlusoptiX S12 mobile photoscreener and the Retinomax K+3 Autorefractor as screening devices in preschool children.

Methods: Children ranging from 3 to 5 years of age from 11 San Diego County preschools underwent vision screening in their schools where ambient light could not always be controlled using both the Retinomax and the PlusoptiX. Cycloplegic refraction on the consented children was subsequently performed on the UCSD EyeMobile for children on-site at the school locations.

Congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-an underdiagnosed fetal teratogen.

Congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Although the number of cases reported in the literature has been increasing, it might still be clinically an underdiagnosed human fetal teratogen. We report 2 more cases of serologically proven congenital LCMV infection.

Ophthalmic manifestations in neurofibromatosis type 1.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a relatively common multisystemic inherited disease and has been extensively studied by multiple disciplines. Although genetic testing and confirmation are available, NF1 remains a clinical diagnosis. Many manifestations of NF1 involve the eye and orbit, and the ophthalmologist, therefore, plays a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of NF1 patients.

Idiopathic bilateral central artery occlusion in a young woman.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is uncommon among children and young adults. Bilateral CRAO before the age of 18 years are extremely rare. We present a case of an idiopathic bilateral CRAO in a young healthy female.

Biometry Characteristics in Adults and Children With Marfan Syndrome: From the Marfan Eye Consortium of Chicago.

Purpose: To report on the biometric findings of adults and children with Marfan syndrome (MFS) recruited from 2 annual National Marfan Foundation conferences (2012 and 2015).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Subjects diagnosed with MFS by Ghent 2 nosology were included for analysis.