Identification and characterization of MADS-box gene family in flax, L. and its role under abiotic stress.

MADS-box transcription factors play critical roles in plant development and stress responses. In this study, we identified 114 genes in flax ( L.) and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, miRNA targets, and expression patterns.

Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the evolution and development of a medicinal plant (Apiaceae).

, 2n = 2x = 16, as a perennial species, is widely distributed in China, Mongolia, Russia, etc. It is a traditional Chinese herb used to treat tetanus, rubella pruritus, rheumatic arthralgia, and other diseases. Here, we assembled a 2.

Soil and seed both influence bacterial diversity in the microbiome of the seedling endosphere.

Introduction: Phytobiomes have a significant impact on plant health. The microbiome of is particularly interesting both because of renewed interest in this crop and because it is commercially propagated in two different ways (i.e.

WRKY6 transcription factor modulates root potassium acquisition through promoting expression of AKT1 in Arabidopsis.

Potassium (K), being an essential macronutrient in plants, plays a central role in many aspects. Root growth is highly plastic and is affected by many different abiotic stresses including nutrient deficiency. The Shaker-type K channel Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) K Transporter 1 (AKT1) is responsible for K uptake under both low and high external K conditions.

Evaluation of Differentially Expressed Genes in Leaves vs. Roots Subjected to Drought Stress in Flax ( L.).

Drought stress is a common environmental challenge that plants face, severely constraining plant growth and reducing crop yield and quality. Several studies have highlighted distinct responses between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. However, the mechanisms underlying flax tolerance to abiotic stress, such as drought, remain unclear.

Hybrid Genome Assembly of , an Emerging Fungal Pathogen Causing Black Root Rot in an Aeroponic Facility.

The resurged interest in cultivation of has presented an array of new challenges. Among them are the difficult-to-control pests and pathogens that infect cannabis plants. The limited methods for disease control available to cannabis growers necessitates early detection of plant pathogens, something that molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing has greatly improved.

Cannabis Seedlings Inherit Seed-Borne Bioactive and Anti-Fungal Endophytic Bacilli.

Throughout the hundreds of millions of years of co-evolution, plants and microorganisms have established intricate symbiotic and pathogenic relationships. Microbial communities associated with plants are in constant flux and can ultimately determine whether a plant will successfully reproduce or be destroyed by their environment. Inheritance of beneficial microorganisms is an adaptation plants can use to protect germinating seeds against biotic and abiotic stresses as seedlings develop.

Mammalian Melatonin Agonist Pharmaceuticals Stimulate Rhomboid Proteins in Plants.

Melatonin is a human neurotransmitter and plant signalling metabolite that perceives and directs plant metabolism. The mechanisms of melatonin action in plants remain undefined. We hypothesized that roots have a melatonin-specific receptor and/or transporter that can respond to melatonin-mediating pharmaceuticals.

An Overview of Databases and Bioinformatics Tools for Plant Antimicrobial Peptides.

Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are small, ribosomally synthesized proteins found in nearly all forms of life. In plants, AMPs play a central role in plant defense due to their distinct physicochemical properties. Due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and rapid killing action, plant AMPs have become important candidates for the development of new drugs to control plant and animal pathogens that are resistant to multiple drugs.

A single nucleotide polymorphism assay sheds light on the extent and distribution of genetic diversity, population structure and functional basis of key traits in cultivated north American cannabis.

Background: The taxonomic classification of Cannabis genus has been delineated through three main types: sativa (tall and less branched plant with long and narrow leaves), indica (short and highly branched plant with broader leaves) and ruderalis (heirloom type with short stature, less branching and small thick leaves). While still under discussion, particularly whether the genus is polytypic or monotypic, this broad classification reflects putative geographical origins of each group and putative chemotype and pharmacologic effect.

Methods: Here we describe a thorough investigation of cannabis accessions using a set of 23 highly informative and polymorphic SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers associated with important traits such as cannabinoid and terpenoid expression as well as fibre and resin production.

Ectopic overexpression of a membrane-tethered transcription factor gene NAC60 from oilseed rape positively modulates programmed cell death and age-triggered leaf senescence.

Senescence is an integrative final stage of plant development that is governed by internal and external cues. The NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2 (NAC) transcription factor (TF) family is specific to plants and membrane-tethered NAC TFs (MTTFs) constitute a unique and sophisticated mechanism in stress responses and development. However, the function of MTTFs in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.

WRKY42 transcription factor positively regulates leaf senescence through modulating SA and ROS synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Leaf senescence represents the final stage of leaf growth and development, and its onset and progression are strictly regulated; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study we found that WRKY42 was highly induced during leaf senescence. Loss-of-function wrky42 mutants showed delayed leaf senescence whereas the overexpression of WRKY42 accelerated senescence.

A Rapeseed WRKY Transcription Factor Phosphorylated by CPK Modulates Cell Death and Leaf Senescence by Regulating the Expression of ROS and SA-Synthesis-Related Genes.

Salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are two well-defined inducers of leaf senescence. Here, we identified a novel WRKY transcription factor gene () in (rapeseed) in promoting SA and ROS production, which eventually led to leaf senescence thereafter. Its expression increased in senescing leaves.

A virus-induced gene-silencing system for functional genetics in a betalainic species, (Amaranthaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Research in Amaranthaceae could be accelerated by developing methods for targeted gene silencing. Most amaranths, including , produce betalains. However, the physiological and ecological roles of these pigments are uncertain.

VvWRKY30, a grape WRKY transcription factor, plays a positive regulatory role under salinity stress.

High salinity severely inhibits the growth and productivity of grape plants. However, knowledge of salt-stress regulation remains limited in WRKY members of grapes. Here, we isolated a novel VvWRKY30 gene from Vitis vinifera L.

Chromosome-scale pseudomolecules refined by optical, physical and genetic maps in flax.

Genomes of varying sizes have been sequenced with next-generation sequencing platforms. However, most reference sequences include draft unordered scaffolds containing chimeras caused by mis-scaffolding. A BioNano genome (BNG) optical map was constructed to improve the previously sequenced flax genome (Linum usitatissimum L.

A Novel NAC-Type Transcription Factor, NAC87, from Oilseed Rape Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and Cell Death.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a dual role in plants by functioning as signaling molecules and toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism. The hypersensitive response (HR) is a typical feature of immune responses in plants and also a type of programmed cell death (PCD). How these two processes are regulated in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.

Induced Mutagenesis in Gene Leads to Stable New Flax Lines with Altered Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside (SDG) Profiles.

Flax secoisolariciresinol (SECO) diglucoside (SDG) lignan is an emerging natural product purported to prevent chronic diseases in humans. SECO, the aglycone form of SDG, has shown higher intestinal cell absorption but it is not accumulated naturally . Recently, we have identified and characterized a UDP-glucosyltransferase gene, , that glucosylates SECO into its monoglucoside (SMG) and SDG forms when expressed in yeast.

LTR-retrotransposons in plants: Engines of evolution.

LTR retrotransposons are the most abundant group of transposable elements (TEs) in plants. These elements can fall inside or close to genes, and therefore influence their expression and evolution. This review aims to examine how LTR retrotransposons, especially Ty1-copia elements, mediate gene regulation and evolution.

Insights into the Evolution of Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins from 1000 Plant Transcriptomes.

The carbohydrate-rich cell walls of land plants and algae have been the focus of much interest given the value of cell wall-based products to our current and future economies. Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs), a major group of wall glycoproteins, play important roles in plant growth and development, yet little is known about how they have evolved in parallel with the polysaccharide components of walls. We investigate the origins and evolution of the HRGP superfamily, which is commonly divided into three major multigene families: the arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), extensins (EXTs), and proline-rich proteins.