Publications by authors named "Michael Jensen"

Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) are valuable metabolites produced in numerous medicinal plants from the Apocynaceae family such as Alstonia scholaris, which synthesizes strictamine, a MIA displaying neuropharmacological properties of a potential importance. To get insights into the MIA metabolism in A. scholaris, we studied here both the spatial and transcriptional regulations of MIA genes by performing a robust transcriptomics analysis of the main plant organs, leaf epidermis but also by sequencing RNA from leaves transiently overexpressing the master transcriptional regulator MYC2.

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  • Teriflunomide, a medication for multiple sclerosis (MS), is linked to a higher risk of developing hypertension compared to another MS treatment, dimethyl fumarate.
  • A study involving nearly 5,000 adult patients over 10 years showed that hypertension events occurred significantly more in those on teriflunomide (40.6 per 1000 person-years) than in those on dimethyl fumarate (13.1 per 1000 person-years).
  • The findings indicate that patients on teriflunomide are 2.8 times more likely to develop hypertension, with a concerning "number needed to harm" of 16 at 3 years and 9 at 5 years.
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Background And Objectives: Stereotactic procedures are used to manage a diverse set of patients across a variety of clinical contexts. The stereotactic devices and software used in these procedures vary between surgeons, but the fundamental principles that constitute safe and accurate execution do not. The aim of this work is to describe these principles to equip readers with a generalizable knowledge base to execute and understand stereotactic procedures.

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Background And Objectives: Identifying and characterizing sources of targeting error in stereotactic procedures is essential to maximizing accuracy, potentially improving surgical outcomes. We aim to describe a generic framework which characterizes sources of stereotactic inaccuracy.

Methods: We assembled a list of stereotactic systems: ROSA, Neuromate, Mazor Renaissance, ExcelsiusGPS, Cirq, STarFix (FHC), Nexframe, ClearPoint, CRW, and Leksell.

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Electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals provide high-fidelity representations of sensorimotor cortex activation during contralateral hand movements. Understanding the relationship between independent and coordinated finger movements along with their corresponding ECoG signals is crucial for precise brain mapping and neural prosthetic development. We analyzed subdural ECoG signals from three adult epilepsy patients with subdural electrode arrays implanted for seizure foci identification.

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Motor thalamus plays a crucial role in integrating and modulating sensorimotor information. While voltage power spectral changes in motor cortex with movement are well-characterized, corresponding activity in the motor thalamus, particularly broadband power change, remains unclear. The present study aims to characterize spectral changes in motor thalamus during hand movements of 15 subjects undergoing awake deep brain stimulation surgery targeting the ventral intermediate (Vim) nucleus of the thalamus for disabling tremor.

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Covering: 2016 to the end of 2024This highlight article aims to provide a perspective on the challenges that novel biotechnological processes face in the biomanufacturing of natural products (NPs) whose biosynthesis pathways rely on cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. This enzyme superfamily is one of the most versatile in the biosynthesis of a plethora of NPs finding use across the food, nutrition, medicine, chemical and cosmetics industries. These enzymes often exhibit excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, but they can suffer from low activity and instability, which are serious issues impairing the development of high performing bioprocesses.

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  • - The study assessed the effectiveness of various minimally invasive techniques (IUS, MREC, PCE, and FC) in evaluating treatment response for patients with Crohn’s disease, comparing them to traditional ileocolonoscopy.
  • - Among 50 patients, half showed endoscopic response after treatment, with significant reductions in disease activity scores measured by all methods.
  • - The findings indicated that IUS and fecal calprotectin were equally effective for monitoring treatment response, while capsule endoscopy faced limitations due to strictures in some patients.
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Single pulse electrical stimulation experiments produce pulse-evoked potentials used to infer brain connectivity. The choice of recording reference for intracranial electrodes remains non-standardized and can significantly impact data interpretation. When the reference electrode is affected by stimulation or evoked brain activity, it can contaminate the pulse-evoked potentials recorded at all other electrodes and influence interpretation of findings.

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  • Plant-specialized metabolism is a rich source of bioactive compounds, like monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs), known for their health benefits including anticancer and neuroactive properties.
  • The types of MIAs, particularly pachysiphine derivatives, have promising medical applications but are found in very low quantities in certain plant species, and there is a lack of genomic data needed to enhance their production.
  • This study presents the genome sequence of the toad tree (Tabernaemontana elegans) and identifies genes that can synthesize pachysiphine, leading to engineered MIAs in yeast, thus paving the way for better production of these valuable compounds for pharmaceutical use.
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  • * Traditional methods for studying insect olfactory receptors involve using empty neuron systems or mammalian cells, but yeast has emerged as an efficient option for this purpose.
  • * The study aims to create a scalable yeast-based platform to express insect olfactory receptors, utilizing a genetically encoded calcium sensor for measurement and identifying future research paths despite challenges with co-receptor functionality.
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  • Patient heterogeneity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) complicates management, with sex, gender, and their intersection with other social identities influencing outcomes.
  • An interdisciplinary team explored how sex and gender impact IBD and highlighted the lack of comprehensive studies in this area.
  • Incorporating sex and gender considerations into IBD research practices could improve research quality and support personalized medicine, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for IBD patients.
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  • Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) from the kratom plant, like mitragynine and speciogynine, show potential for treating pain and addiction, with a complex historical use in Southeast Asia as pain relief and a stimulant.* -
  • The researchers successfully engineered yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to produce these MIAs by reconstructing a synthetic pathway that converts a precursor compound, achieving a yield of around 290 μg/L.* -
  • The study also opens up avenues for optimizing production further and creating new derivatives of mitragynine with potential uses in drug development, establishing a platform for biomanufacturing these compounds.*
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  • B7-H3 is a promising target for immunotherapy in pediatric solid tumors due to its limited presence in critical organs, leading to a phase I trial testing B7-H3 CAR T cells in young patients with tough-to-treat tumors.
  • Sixteen patients participated in the trial, with no serious dose-limiting toxicities from the first CAR T cell infusion, and one patient showed a partial response after a second infusion.
  • The study concluded that while B7-H3 CAR T cells were generally tolerable and had limited anti-tumor effects, a strong CAR T cell response may be needed for better outcomes, emphasizing the importance of the patient's immune environment.
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Background: A major obstacle in translating the therapeutic potential of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells to children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors is the blood-brain barrier. To overcome this limitation, preclinical and clinical studies have supported the use of repeated, locoregional intracranial CAR T-cell delivery. However, there is limited literature available describing the process for the involvement of an investigational drug service (IDS) pharmacy, particularly in the setting of a children's hospital with outpatient dosing for CNS tumors.

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Serum C-peptide concentration is often utilized for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic assessment in diabetes mellitus. However, there are limited clinical data regarding diagnostic and predictive value of C-peptide measured during hospitalizations for hyperglycemia. Adults admitted to Mayo Clinic inpatient facilities due to an acute hyperglycemic emergency between January 2017 and November 2022 were included in our study.

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Objective: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) has become the predominant method for intracranial seizure localization. When imaging, semiology, and scalp EEG findings are not in full agreement or definitively localizing, implanted SEEG recordings are used to test candidate seizure onset zones (SOZs). Discovered SOZs may then be targeted for resection, laser ablation, or neurostimulation.

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  • * CD19-targeting CAR T-cell therapy shows promise in treating relapsed B-ALL in infants, with a high success rate in manufacturing the therapy and achieving complete remission in most treated patients.
  • * Despite incidences of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity being common, the early experiences indicate a need for further research into CAR T-cell therapy's effectiveness specifically for infants with B-ALL.
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Background And Aims: Panenteric capsule endoscopy (PCE) is a minimally invasive modality that may replace ileocolonoscopy (IC) in selected patients with Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of repeated assessment with PCE in patients receiving medical treatment for ileocolonic CD.

Methods: This prospective, blinded, multicentre study included patients with endoscopically active CD.

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  • The study looked at how a medicine called Dapagliflozin affects blood pressure and blood flow in patients with heart problems called HFpEF during exercise.
  • They tested 37 patients by having them do exercises while checking their blood pressure and heart health over 24 weeks.
  • Results showed that while Dapagliflozin didn't change resting blood pressure, it did lower blood pressure during peak exercise and improved how blood vessels work when the patients were active.
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Importance: Increases in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) during exercise reduce pulmonary artery (PA) compliance, increase pulsatile right ventricular (RV) afterload, and impair RV-PA coupling in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The effects of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin on pulmonary vascular properties and RV-PA coupling are unknown.

Objective: To test the effect of dapagliflozin on right ventricular performance and pulmonary vascular load during exertion in HFpEF.

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Solid-phase synthesis underpins many advances in synthetic and combinatorial chemistry, biology, and material science. The immobilization of a reacting species on the solid support makes interfacing of reagents an important challenge in this approach. In traditional synthesis columns, this leads to reaction errors that limit the product yield and necessitates excess consumption of the mobile reagent phase.

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