Investigating the effects of emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking on alcohol hangover anxiety and depression.

Introduction: Underlying factors associated with alcohol hangover psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, have not been identified. Emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) are transdiagnostic factors associated with psychopathology, including non-hangover anxiety and depression. The current study prospectively examined the role of emotion dysregulation on subsequent alcohol hangover anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the moderating role of RNT on this relation among university students.

Emotion dysregulation, help-seeking attitudes, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: A structural equation model.

Most college students have experienced an adverse event in their lifetime, yet help-seeking rates remain low. This study seeks to understand psychological factors that might contribute to delays in treatment initiation among trauma-affected students. Our sample consisted of 531 undergraduate students of which 27% scored above the clinical cutoff for PTSD using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).

Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Pain in College Students: The Role of Emotional Suppression.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with higher rates of pain conditions and greater pain impairment. Past research implicates emotional suppression in acute pain tolerance; thus, emotional suppression may contribute to pain interference among those with high BPD features. Participants were 89 university students who completed measures of BPD features, and complied with 2-week daily diary procedures assessing suppression of emotional thoughts associated with social and nonsocial stressors, distress, pain severity, and interference.

Emotion Dysregulation Mediates the Relation Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Later Physical Health Symptoms.

Despite evidence of a relation between borderline personality disorder (BPD) pathology and physical health problems, the mechanisms underlying this relation remain unclear. Given evidence that emotion dysregulation may affect physical health by altering physiological functioning, one mechanism that warrants examination is emotion dysregulation. This study examined BPD symptoms as a prospective predictor of physical health symptoms 8 months later and the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in this relation.

The Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Relation Between PTSD Symptoms and the Learned Association Between Trauma-Related and Cocaine Cues.

Background: PTSD and cocaine dependence frequently co-occur. However, few studies have specifically examined the functional relation between trauma-related distress and cocaine use and none have examined the extent to which PTSD is associated with a learned association between trauma cues and cocaine or the underlying role of emotion regulation difficulties in this relation.

Objectives: Thus, this study used a novel version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to examine the relation of PTSD symptoms to the strength of the trauma-cocaine cue association and the role of specific emotion regulation difficulties in this relation.

Marijuana dependence moderates the effect of posttraumatic stress disorder on trauma cue reactivity in substance dependent patients.

Background: Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at heightened risk for marijuana use. Although extant studies speak to the importance of examining the co-occurrence of PTSD and marijuana use as it relates to a variety of clinically-relevant outcomes, no studies have explored the way in which marijuana use may affect in-the-moment emotional responding among individuals with PTSD. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the role of marijuana dependence in the relation between PTSD and subjective and biological emotional reactivity in response to a trauma cue.

The relation of PTSD symptoms to migraine and headache-related disability among substance dependent inpatients.

Despite emerging evidence for the comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and migraine, few studies have examined the relation of PTSD and migraine, particularly among clinical populations at-risk for both conditions (e.g., substance-dependent patients).

The Moderating Role of Experiential Avoidance in the Relationship between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity and Cannabis Dependence.

The relationship between cannabis use and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has received increased scientific scrutiny in recent years. Consistent with this research, studies provide evidence that many individuals with PTSD use cannabis to reduce negative affect and other unpleasant internal experiences associated with PTSD. However, no research to date has explored factors that may be associated with an increased likelihood of cannabis misuse among individuals with PTSD.

Full and home smoking ban adoption after a randomized controlled trial targeting secondhand smoke exposure reduction.

Introduction: The current study examined home and full (i.e., home plus car) smoking ban adoption as secondary outcomes to a randomized controlled trial targeting reduced secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) for children under treatment for cancer.

Tobacco use and exposure among youth undergoing cancer treatment.

Introduction: Adolescents with cancer are susceptible to the health consequences associated with secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) and tobacco use. The present study compared tobacco use, exposure, and risk factors between patients and population peers.

Method: Self-reported data on tobacco use, SHSE, and tobacco-related risk factors were drawn from a pediatric oncology hospital and the National Youth Tobacco Survey.

Fertility as a priority among at-risk adolescent males newly diagnosed with cancer and their parents.

Purpose: Infertility is a frequent consequence of cancer therapy and is often associated with psychological distress. Although adult survivors prioritize fertility and parenthood, this issue remains unexplored among adolescent males. This study examined future fertility as a priority (relative to other life goals) at time of diagnosis for at-risk adolescents and their parents.

The role of executive attention in deliberate self-harm.

Although a wealth of literature has examined the role of emotion-related factors in deliberate self-harm (DSH), less is known about neurocognitive factors and DSH. In particular, despite theoretical literature suggesting that deficits in executive attention may contribute to engagement in DSH, studies have not yet examined the functioning of this attentional network among individuals with DSH. The present study sought to address this gap in the literature by examining the functioning of the alerting, orienting, and executive attentional networks among participants with a recent history of DSH (n=15), a past history of DSH (n=18), and no history of DSH (n=21).

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of lifetime substance use among a rural and diverse sample of adolescents.

Background: Data are limited regarding the prevalence of substance use among adolescents in rural and ethnically diverse communities. This study examined rates and sociodemographic correlates of lifetime substance use among adolescents in Mississippi, a rural state that is the poorest in the country (21.3% poverty rate) and has the largest proportion of African Americans per capita (36.

Accuracy and Concordance in Reporting for Secondhand Smoke Exposure among Adolescents Undergoing Treatment for Cancer and Their Parents.

Few studies have examined adolescent reporting accuracy for secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe), and never for youth with cancer. SHSe reporting from adolescents being treated for cancer (=14.92 years, SD=1.

Comorbidity of migraine and psychiatric disorders among substance-dependent inpatients.

Background: Limited and conflicting data exist regarding the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, particularly substance use disorders (SUDs), among migraineurs in inpatient clinical settings.

Methods: As part of a larger cross-sectional study, 181 substance-dependent inpatients completed a structured psychiatric interview and measures of psychiatric symptoms and migraine. Standardized mean differences were used to quantify differences between inpatients with and without migraine across 4 domains of predictors (demographic variables, non-SUD psychiatric diagnoses, specific SUDs, and self-reported psychiatric symptoms).

Do episodic migraineurs selectively attend to headache-related visual stimuli?

Objective: To assess pain-related attentional biases among individuals with episodic migraine.

Background: Prior studies have examined whether chronic pain patients selectively attend to pain-related stimuli in the environment, but these studies have produced largely mixed findings and focused primarily on patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Limited research has implicated attentional biases among chronic headache patients, but no studies have been conducted among episodic migraineurs, who comprise the overwhelming majority of the migraine population.

Examining the interactive effect of posttraumatic stress disorder, distress tolerance, and gender on residential substance use disorder treatment retention.

An extensive body of research has demonstrated that patients with a co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis are at high risk for a wide range of negative clinical outcomes, including treatment noncompletion. However, no studies to date have explored the effect of a PTSD-SUD diagnosis on residential SUD treatment completion, as well as potential moderators of this effect. Consequently, the goal of this study was to examine the interactive effect of a PTSD diagnosis, distress tolerance (DT), and gender on residential SUD treatment retention.

Human papillomavirus vaccination and the primary prevention of cancer: implications for survivors of childhood cancer.

Effective vaccination is now available to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection and the cause of cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among women worldwide. HPV vaccine uptake is particularly important for females surviving cancer, who are at high risk for HPV-related complication due to the direct and indirect effects of cancer therapy. Thus, Version 3.

Cocaine-related attentional bias following trauma cue exposure among cocaine dependent in-patients with and without post-traumatic stress disorder.

Aims: Although the co-occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cocaine dependence is associated with a wide range of negative clinical outcomes, little is known about the mechanisms that underlie this association. This study investigated one potential mechanism-attentional bias to cocaine imagery following trauma cue exposure.

Design: Male and female cocaine-dependent in-patients with and without PTSD were exposed to both a neutral and personalized trauma script on separate days, followed by a visual dot-probe task.

Negative impact of episodic migraine on a university population: quality of life, functional impairment, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms.

Background: Migraine is associated with significant negative impact, including reduced quality of life, impaired functioning, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, the impact of migraine on university students is understudied, despite their high prevalence of migraine and psychiatric disorders and their frequent use in research studies.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of migraine among college students on quality of life, functional impairment, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms.

PTSD symptom clusters in relationship to alcohol misuse among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans seeking post-deployment VA health care.

Demographic factors, characteristics of military service, PTSD, and depression were examined as predictors of alcohol misuse in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans (N=287) presenting for post-deployment Veteran Affairs (VA) health care. Results indicated that alcohol misuse was more common among younger male Veterans who served in the Army or Marine Corps. Accounting for demographic factors and characteristics of service, Veterans who screened positive for PTSD or depression were two times more likely to report alcohol misuse relative to Veterans who did not screen positive for these disorders.

The role of anxiety sensitivity and difficulties in emotion regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder among crack/cocaine dependent patients in residential substance abuse treatment.

Current research suggests the importance of anxiety sensitivity (AS) in the risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and a growing body of research has demonstrated that difficulties in emotion regulation may also play a role. This study examined the unique relationships between AS dimensions, difficulties in emotion regulation, and a probable PTSD diagnosis among a sample of inner-city crack/cocaine dependent patients in residential substance abuse treatment. Probable PTSD participants exhibited higher levels of the AS dimension of social concerns and emotion regulation difficulties.

Tetrachloroethylene (PCE, Perc) levels in residential dry cleaner buildings in diverse communities in New York City.

Fugitive tetrachloroethylene (PCE, perc) emissions from dry cleaners operating in apartment buildings can contaminate residential indoor air. In 1997, New York State and New York City adopted regulations to reduce and contain perc emissions from dry cleaners located in residential and other buildings. As part of a New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) study, indoor air perc levels were determined in 65 apartments located in 24 buildings in New York City where dry cleaners used perc on site.