New therapies for unresectable or metastatic cutaneous eyelid and orbital melanoma.

Purpose: Newer treatment options offer the promise of improved outcomes for metastatic and unresectable melanoma. This investigation was performed to review these modalities for cutaneous eyelid and orbital disease.

Methods: A search for articles that were related to this subject was performed in the PubMed database, and the bibliographies of these manuscripts were reviewed to ensure capture of the appropriate literature.

Effects of Preoperative Intravenous Versus Subcutaneous Tranexamic Acid on Postoperative Periorbital Ecchymosis and Edema Following Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Comparative Study.

Purpose: To compare the effects of preoperative tranexamic acid (TXA) administered intravenously (IV) versus subcutaneously on postoperative ecchymosis and edema in patients undergoing bilateral upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Methods: A prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of patients undergoing bilateral upper eyelid blepharoplasty at a single-center. Eligible participants were randomized to preoperatively receive either (1) 1 g of TXA in 100 ml normal saline IV, (2) 50 µl/ml of TXA in local anesthesia, or (3) no TXA.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratios Distinguish Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation From Orbital Infectious Disease.

Purpose: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a relatively novel biomarker to distinguish between acute stresses. This study was performed to determine whether the NLR may discern infectious orbital maladies from idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI).

Methods: The NLR was calculated by a review of the initial blood draws of adult patients who presented to the emergency department at a single academic medical center.

Serologic Evaluations in the Distinction Between Sinusitis-Related Orbital Cellulitis and Periorbital Necrotizing Fasciitis.

Purpose: While sinusitis-related orbital cellulitis (SROC) and periorbital necrotizing fasciitis (PNF) share similar clinical presentations, they are managed differently, making rapid recognition of the appropriate clinical entity critical to optimal outcomes. This study was performed to assess whether serologic testing might help clinicians to distinguish between SROC and PNF.

Methods: A retrospective review analysis was used to compare initial complete blood counts and comprehensive metabolic panels among adult patients with SROC and PNF.

Factors associated with appointment 'no-shows' at two tertiary level outpatient oculoplastic clinics.

Purpose: Appointment no-shows in clinics can adversely impact patients and physicians alike. This study aimed to determine the rate and potential causes of missed appointments in oculoplastic clinics and compare a private practice and hospital-based academic setting.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who booked appointments for oculoplastic consultation, between August 2019 and January 2020 at two oculoplastic clinics was performed.

Emerging therapeutic options for periorbital and orbital cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas.

Purpose: Recently, several new therapies have emerged to address locally advanced cutaneous basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. Given the constraints of the ocular adnexa and orbit, this review was designed to discuss the role of these modalities in this region.

Methods: A PubMed search was carried out to analyze the utility of United States Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies to address these malignancies.

Predicting severity of periorbital necrotizing fasciitis.

Purpose: To determine whether severity of periorbital necrotizing fasciitis can be predicted based on premorbid patient characteristics.

Methods: Records of 10 consecutive patients with periorbital necrotizing fasciitis presenting at a single center, treated by one attending ophthalmic plastic surgeon, were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information and medical history were used to determine a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score for each patient.

Management of postoperative pain in ophthalmic plastic surgery: a major review.

Purpose: Clinicians are becoming increasingly aware of the risks of opioid analgesics, and, consequently, are searching for alternatives to these agents. This review considers the existing literature regarding the management of pain after ophthalmic plastic surgery.

Methods: A literature search was performed through the PubMed database.

Odontogenic Abscess With Orbital Extension Through the Inferior Orbital Fissure Treated With Bony Decompression.

A 49-year-old otherwise healthy male presented with an odontogenic abscess and mild left facial swelling. CT imaging revealed gaseous hypodensities within the inferior orbital fissure and pterygopalatine fossa in addition to infection of the left masseter and temporalis muscle. Despite dental drainage, this rapidly progressed to orbital cellulitis with temporalis muscles abscess leading to compartment syndrome and globe tenting.

The Economic Model of Retinopathy of Prematurity (EcROP) Screening and Treatment: Mexico and the United States.

Purpose: To describe an economic (Ec) model for estimating the impact of screening and treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design: EcROP is a cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost-benefit analysis.

Methods: We surveyed caregivers of 52 children at schools for the blind or pediatric eye clinics in Atlanta, Georgia and 43 in Mexico City.