Transference of skills in robotic vs. laparoscopic simulation: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Elucidating how robotic skills are best obtained will enable surgeons to best develop future robotic training programs. We perform a randomized controlled trial to assess the performance of robotic compared to laparoscopic surgery, transference of pre-existing skills between the two modalities, and to assess the learning curve between the two using novice medical students.

Methods: Forty students were randomized into either Group A or B.

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the pancreatic head: A case report.

Pancreatic SRCC is a rare, aggressive tumor. Given limited evidence and the risk of side effects, physicians may elect to withhold chemotherapy in select patients, with the exception of neoadjuvant chemotherapy use to facilitate resectability.

A rare combination of giant right retroperitoneal schwannoma and right adrenal oncocytoma as an incidental finding.

Adrenal oncocytomas and retroperitoneal schwannomas are two groups of very rare tumors with distinct histologic features. Both tumors are usually incidentally found and are mostly benign. Optimal management is usually with surgical resection.

Comparative Effectiveness of Transurethral Resection Techniques in the Inpatient Setting for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Introduction: Monopolar transurethral resection is the conventional surgical standard of care for bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic enlargement. Bipolar resection and GreenLight™ photovaporization have emerged as options with favorable safety profiles. The literature comparing these modalities is limited by sample size and absence of cost data.

Robotic Assistance Confers Ambidexterity to Laparoscopic Surgeons.

Study Objective: To examine whether a robotic surgical platform can complement the fine motor skills of the nondominant hand, compensating for the innate difference in dexterity between surgeon's hands, thereby conferring virtual ambidexterity.

Design: Crossover intervention study (Canadian Task Force classification II-1).

Setting: Centers for medical simulation in 2 tertiary care hospitals of Harvard Medical School.

Pediatric Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty.

The laparoscopic approach to the pyeloplasty procedure has proven to be safe and effective in the pediatric population. Multiple studies have revealed outcomes comparable to the open approach. However, a major drawback to laparoscopy is the technical challenge of precise suturing in the small working space in children.

Prehospital care training in a rapidly developing economy: a multi-institutional study.

Background: The trauma pandemic is one of the leading causes of death worldwide but especially in rapidly developing economies. Perhaps, a common cause of trauma-related mortality in these settings comes from the rapid expansion of motor vehicle ownership without the corresponding expansion of national prehospital training in developed countries. The resulting road traffic injuries often never make it to the hospital in time for effective treatment, resulting in preventable disability and death.

Complications Following Common Inpatient Urological Procedures: Temporal Trend Analysis from 2000 to 2010.

Background: Measuring procedure-specific complication-rate trends allows for benchmarking and improvement in quality of care but must be done in a standardized fashion.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we identified all instances of eight common inpatient urologic procedures performed in the United States between 2000 and 2010. This yielded 327218 cases including both oncologic and benign diseases.

MicroRNAs potential utility in colon cancer: Early detection, prognosis, and chemosensitivity.

Over the past decade, research has shown that aberrant expression of microRNA (miRNA) is involved in colorectal cancer development and progression. MicroRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that regulate expression of genes involved in important cellular functions, such as cell differentiation, multiplication, and apoptosis. A specific miRNA may display the effects of a tumor suppressor or oncogene.

Prehospital trauma care education for first responders in India.

Background: A major factor contributing to global trauma mortality and morbidity is the lack of effective prehospital trauma services in developing settings. We developed a 2-d training course for nondoctor first responders featuring high-fidelity simulation and video-assisted debriefing, self-directed learning videos, and native language instruction.

Materials And Methods: A pilot session was conducted in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Nuclear factor kappa B role in inflammation associated gastrointestinal malignancies.

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has an established role in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. NF-κB is also involved in critical mechanisms connecting inflammation and cancer development. Recent investigations suggest that the NF-κB signaling cascade may be the central mediator of gastrointestinal malignancies including esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid in blood pressure regulation.

Purpose Of Review: The involvement of neurohormonal factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension has been extensively studied. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels in hypertension are still largely unknown. This review presents some of the most recent findings regarding the potential mechanisms of TRPV1 in mediating blood pressure, the pathophysiology of hypertension, and its related disorders.