Involvement abroad of U.S. academic health centers and major teaching hospitals: the developing landscape.

Purpose: To compile information about major offshore clinical, education, and research programs and operations of U.S. academic health centers (AHCs) and major teaching hospitals, and to describe how these offshore activities relate to each institution's underlying mission and to the organizational mechanisms that link the activities to the organization's core mission while protecting the organization from potential risks.

Psychometric and clinimetric validity of the 20-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20).

A valid measure of rhinosinusitis health status and quality of life is required for the complete assessment of treatment effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric and clinimetric validity of the 20-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20), a disease-specific, health-related quality-of-life measure for rhinosinusitis. The SNOT-20 is a modification of the 31-Item Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure, and it contains 20 nose, sinus, and general items.