Long-term impact of artificial intelligence on colorectal adenoma detection in high-risk colonoscopy.

Background: Improved adenoma detection rate (ADR) has been demonstrated with artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted colonoscopy. However, data on the real-world application of AI and its effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening outcomes is limited.

Aim: To analyze the long-term impact of AI on a diverse at-risk patient population undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy for positive CRC screening tests or symptoms.

Atypical Presentation of Acquired Hypoganglionosis in a Patient Taking Clozapine.

Acquired hypoganglionosis (HG) is a rare enteric gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorder previously associated with chronic inflammation that can lead to constipation, ileus, and even death. There is little known about the pathophysiology of acquired hypoganglionosis, and it is unclear if medications are related to the development of the disease. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat refractory schizophrenia that is well known for its side effects including agranulocytosis and gastrointestinal dysmotility.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) as an Uncommon Extraintestinal Complication of Crohn's Disease: Case Vignette and Systematic Literature Review.

While the association of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been described in a few case reports, management of ITP as an extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease (CD) is less studied. There are approximately a dozen cases describing the management of patients dually diagnosed with CD/ITP. Previous reports postulated that the mechanism of ITP in CD was through the presence of circulating immune complexes in the serum and antigenic mimicry due to increased mucosal permeability in active colitis, versus increased mucosal production of TH1-type proinflammatory cytokines during CD flares, which may account for remission of ITP with surgery for CD.

Evaluating the risk of adverse events with interventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound procedures in cirrhotic patients.

Background: Hepatic cirrhosis is associated with greater adverse event rates following surgical procedures and is thought to have a higher risk of complications with interventional procedures in general. However, these same patients often require interventional gastrointestinal procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). While studies examining this scenario exist, the overall body of evidence for adverse event rates associated with ERCP/EUS procedures is more limited.

Tranexamic Acid and Computer-Assisted Surgery in Cemented and Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty: Are the Effects Additive for Blood Conservation?

Introduction: Efforts continue to minimize blood loss associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The primary objective of this study was to determine whether computer-assisted surgery (CAS) and tranexamic acid (TXA) were additive in minimizing blood loss in cemented TKA. The secondary objective was to assess the combined effectiveness of CAS and TXA in cementless TKA.

NAFLD prevalence differs among hispanic subgroups: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Aim: To compare prevalence rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) between Hispanics of Mexican origin and Hispanics of Dominican and Puerto Rican origin.

Methods: We evaluated prevalence rates of NAFLD between the two largest sub-populations of Hispanics in the United States; Hispanics of Mexican origin and Hispanics of Caribbean origin (Dominican and Puerto Rican), in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. MESA is a large, population based, multi-center cohort study comprised of 6814 healthy Caucasian, African-American, Hispanic, and Asian men and women aged 45-84.

Endoscopic clips prevent displacement of intestinal feeding tubes: a long-term follow-up study.

Background: Displacement of jejunal feeding tubes is a major problem in enteral feeding. Although endoscopic clips have been used to prevent migration of the tube during placement, the long-term effect of the clips on tube displacement is unknown.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term effect of endoscopic clips on preventing displacement of the jejunal feeding tube.

Differential metabolic rates in prefrontal and temporal Brodmann areas in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder.

In an exploration of the schizophrenia spectrum, we compared cortical metabolic rates in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) with findings in age- and sex-matched normal volunteers. Coregistered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans were obtained in 27 schizophrenic, 13 SPD, and 32 normal volunteers who performed a serial verbal learning test during tracer uptake. A template of Brodmann areas derived from a whole brain histological section atlas was used to analyze PET findings.