Effect of Extreme Temperature on Naloxone Nasal Spray Dispensing Device Performance.

Introduction: The opioid epidemic has led to the wide-spread distribution of naloxone to emergency personnel and to the general public. Recommended storage conditions based on prescribing information are between 15°C and 25°C (59°F and 77°F), with excursions permitted between 4°C and 40°C (39°F and 104°F). Actual storage likely varies widely with potential exposures to extreme temperatures outside of these ranges.

Effect of Fluctuating Extreme Temperatures on Tranexamic Acid.

Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in hemorrhagic shock. It has potential use in prehospital and wilderness medicine; however, in these environments, TXA is likely to be exposed to fluctuating and extreme temperatures. If TXA degrades under these conditions, this may reduce antifibrinolytic effects.