Effectiveness of cholangioscopy guided biopsy versus ERCP guided brushings in diagnosing malignant biliary strictures.

Background: Evaluation of lesions of the biliary tract are essential to diagnose given the dismal outcomes of cholangiocarcinoma. Historically, these diagnoses were made using brush biopsies obtained under Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). To increase the accuracy of biliary biopsies, SpyGlassTM Discover cholangioscopy guided biopsy has been developed, providing greater tissue yield and direct visualization of the biliary epithelium.

Limited ability of the renal ablation-specific (MC)2 risk scoring system to predict major adverse events from percutaneous renal microwave ablation.

Purpose: To access if the (MC)2 scoring system can identify patients at risk for major adverse events following percutaneous microwave ablation of renal tumors.

Methods: Retrospective review of all adult patients who underwent percutaneous renal microwave ablation at two centers. Patient demographics, medical histories, laboratory work, technical details of the procedure, tumor characteristics, and clinical outcomes were collected.

Radiation Exposure during Prostatic Artery Embolization: A Single Institution Review.

Prostate artery embolization is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, and imaging is indispensable for the technical success of this procedure; however, imaging is a major source of radiation exposure for patients and healthcare providers. Radiation emission during prostate artery embolization procedures at a single institution was evaluated to determine radiation exposure with the goal to work toward minimizing exposure. All patients at a single institution that underwent outpatient unilateral/bilateral prostate artery embolization between 4 January 2019 and 16 November 2021 were retrospectively evaluated; data collected included body mass index, prostate volume, and indications for prostate artery embolization.

Interventional Radiologists Achieve Equivalent Outcomes and Lower Costs for Totally Implantable Venous Access Device Placement Compared to Operating Room Placement.

Purpose: To compare the cost and outcomes of surgical and interventional radiology (IR) placement of totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) within a large regional health system to determine the service line with better outcomes and lower costs to the health system.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of all chest port placements performed in the operating room (OR) and IR suite over 12 months was conducted at a large, integrated health system with 6 major hospitals. Secondary electronic health record and cost data were used to identify TIVAD placements, follow-up procedures indicating port malfunction, early adverse events (within 1 month after the surgery), late adverse events (2-12 months after the procedure), and health system cost of TIVAD placement and management.

Utility of the RENAL Nephrometry Scoring System in Predicting Adverse Events and Outcomes of Percutaneous Microwave Ablation of Renal Tumors.

Purpose: To assess the utility of the radius, exophytic/endophytic, nearness to collecting system or sinus, anterior/posterior, and location relative to polar lines (RENAL) nephrometry scoring system at predicting adverse events and outcomes in percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) of renal tumors.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 116 patients who underwent MWA from 2004 to 2018 at 2 large university hospitals was conducted. Patient demographics and tumor characteristics were collected.

Ruptured Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Causing Hemorrhage Into a Pancreatic Pseudocyst.

This case report describes fatal exsanguination due to splenic artery hemorrhage into a pancreatic pseudocyst with cystogastrostomy in a 46-year-old woman. The decedent had a complicated medical history including necrotizing pancreatitis, giant pseudocyst formation after cystogastrostomy procedure, and coiling of a hemorrhagic splenic artery. While hospitalized, she underwent embolization of a ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm.

Society of Interventional Radiology Multidisciplinary Position Statement on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs: Endorsed by the Canadian Association for Interventional Radiology, the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, and the Society of Interventional Oncology.

Purpose: To state the Society of Interventional Radiology's position on the use of image-guided thermal ablation for the treatment of early stage non-small cell lung cancer, recurrent lung cancer, and metastatic disease to the lung.

Materials And Methods: A multidisciplinary writing group, with expertise in treating lung cancer, conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on the topic of interest. Recommendations were drafted and graded according to the updated SIR evidence grading system.

Deep learning for semi-automated unidirectional measurement of lung tumor size in CT.

Background: Performing Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECISTS) measurement is a non-trivial task requiring much expertise and time. A deep learning-based algorithm has the potential to assist with rapid and consistent lesion measurement.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate deep learning (DL) algorithm for semi-automated unidirectional CT measurement of lung lesions.

Racial differences in the risk of second primary bladder cancer following radiation therapy among localized prostate cancer patients.

Objectives: To investigate the race-specific second primary bladder cancer (SPBC) risk following prostatic irradiation.

Methods: Louisiana residents who were diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (PCa) in 1996-2013 and received surgery or radiation were included. Patients were followed until SPBC diagnosis, death, or Dec.

Society of Interventional Radiology Quality Improvement Standards on Percutaneous Ablation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Metastatic Disease to the Lungs.

Purpose: To provide guidance on quality improvement thresholds for outcomes and complications of image-guided thermal ablation for the treatment of early stage non-small cell lung cancer, recurrent lung cancer, and metastatic disease.

Materials And Methods: A multidisciplinary writing group conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on the topic of interest. Data were extracted from relevant studies and thresholds were derived from a calculation of 2 standard deviations from the weighted mean of each outcome.

Hepatic lobe torsion: A rare disease necessitating surgical management.

Background: Accessory liver lobes and other congenital liver abnormalities are rare and most often asymptomatic. However, these abnormalities can result in liver torsion, requiring surgical resection.

Case Report: We report a case of a 72-year-old woman with hepatic lobe torsion.

Retrospective comparison of approaches to evaluating inter-observer variability in CT tumour measurements in an academic health centre.

Background: A growing number of research studies have reported inter-observer variability in sizes of tumours measured from CT scans. It remains unclear whether the conventional statistical measures correctly evaluate the CT measurement consistency for optimal treatment management and decision-making. We compared and evaluated the existing measures for evaluating inter-observer variability in CT measurement of cancer lesions.

Intervention to Reduce Interobserver Variability in Computed Tomographic Measurement of Cancer Lesions Among Experienced Radiologists.

While a growing number of research studies have reported the inter-observer variability in computed tomographic (CT) measurements, there are very few interventional studies performed. We aimed to assess whether a peer benchmarking intervention tool may have an influence on reducing interobserver variability in CT measurements and identify possible barriers to the intervention. In this retrospective study, 13 board-certified radiologists repeatedly reviewed 10 CT image sets of lung lesions and hepatic metastases during 3 noncontiguous time periods (T1, T2, T3).

Bowel Penetration by Inferior Vena Cava Filters: Feasibility and Safety of Percutaneous Retrieval.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and technical feasibility of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) removal when filter elements penetrate adjacent bowel. A multicenter retrospective review of IVCF retrievals between 2008 and 2018 was performed. Adult patients with either CT or endoscopic evidence of filter elements penetrating bowel before retrieval were included.

Traumatic Aorto-Cisterna Chlyi Fistula with Treatment of Aortic Pseudoaneurysm with CT-Guided Thrombin Injection.

Background: Only 3 cases of aorto-cisterna chyli fistula have been described in the literature but none with a resulting pseudoaneurysm (PSA).

Methods: A 68-year-old man presented following a motor vehicle collision. Imaging revealed a retroperitoneal hematoma with enhancement of the cisterna chyli, representing an aortic to cisterna chyli fistula.

Proposal of a New Adverse Event Classification by the Society of Interventional Radiology Standards of Practice Committee.

Purpose: To develop a new adverse event (AE) classification for the interventional radiology (IR) procedures and evaluate its clinical, research, and educational value compared with the existing Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) classification via an SIR member survey.

Materials And Methods: A new AE classification was developed by members of the Standards of Practice Committee of the SIR. Subsequently, a survey was created by a group of 18 members from the SIR Standards of Practice Committee and Service Lines.