A Randomized, Double-Dummy, Emergency Department-Based Study of Greater Occipital Nerve Block With Bupivacaine vs Intravenous Metoclopramide for Treatment of Migraine.

Background: Greater occipital nerve blocks (GONB) are used increasingly to treat acute migraine.

Objective: We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine whether GONB was as effective as intravenous metoclopramide for migraine.

Methods: This was a double-dummy, double-blind, parallel-arm, non-inferiority study conducted in 2 emergency departments (EDs).

Comparative analysis of posterior fusion constructs as treatments for middle and posterior column injuries: an in vitro biomechanical investigation.

Background: Titanium pedicle screw-rod instrumentation is considered a standard treatment for spinal instability; however, the advantages of cobalt-chromium over titanium is generating interest in orthopedic practice. The aim of this study was to compare titanium versus cobalt-chromium rods in posterior fusion through in vitro biomechanical testing.

Methods: Posterior and middle column injuries were simulated at L3-L5 in six cadaveric L1-S1 human spines and different pedicle screw constructs were implanted.