Vagus nerve stimulation therapy randomized to different amounts of electrical charge for treatment-resistant depression: acute and chronic effects.

Background: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent, disabling, and often chronic or recurrent psychiatric condition. About 35% of patients fail to respond to conventional treatment approaches and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Objective: We compared the safety and effectiveness of different stimulation levels of adjunctive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy for the treatment of TRD.

Efficacy and safety of loxapine for inhalation in the treatment of agitation in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of inhaled loxapine in the treatment of agitation in patients with psychotic disorders.

Method: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 129 agitated patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (DSM-IV criteria) were randomized to receive in a clinical or hospital setting a single inhalation of 5 or 10 mg of loxapine or placebo administered using the Staccato loxapine for inhalation device. The inhalation device delivered thermally generated drug aerosol to the deep lung for rapid absorption.

Rapid acute treatment of agitation in individuals with schizophrenia: multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled study of inhaled loxapine.

Background: There is a need for a rapid-acting, non-injection, acute treatment for agitation.

Aims: To evaluate inhaled loxapine for acute treatment of agitation in schizophrenia.

Method: This phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study (ClinicalTrials.