Factors affecting consonant production accuracy in children with cochlear implants: Expressive vocabulary and maternal education.

Background: Despite the ability of cochlear implants (CIs) to provide children with access to speech, there is considerable variability in spoken language outcomes. Research aimed at identifying factors influencing speech production accuracy is needed.

Aims: To characterize the consonant production accuracy of children with cochlear implants (CWCI) and an age-matched group of children with typical hearing (CWTH) and to explore several factors that potentially affect the ability of both groups to accurately produce consonants.

Longitudinal Measurements of Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Crohn's Disease or Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Infliximab: Only the Latest Values in the Induction Period Predict Treatment Failure.

Few studies have incorporated longitudinal assessments or used combinations of blood biomarkers as predictors of loss of response to biologic therapy for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). This is a population-based cohort study comprising Danish patients with CD or UC from 2008 to 2018. We used logistic regression to analyze whether levels and changes in levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum albumin, and hemoglobin, routinely measured during a 14-week infliximab induction period, predicted a change to another biologic medication or cessation of biologic therapy.

Paternal preconception exposure to non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids and adverse birth outcomes: A nationwide registry-based cohort study.

Background And Aim: Paternal use of analgesics during the time of conception and adverse birth outcomes are poorly studied. We investigated the association between paternal exposure to non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids within 3 months before the date of conception and the risk of adverse birth outcomes (preterm birth, small for gestational age, low Apgar score, and major congenital malformations).

Methods: We used nationwide data from the Danish health registers.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Adults and Elderly: The Use of Selected Non-IBD Medication Examined in a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Real-world data on medications used for conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are sparse. We examined how the onset of IBD affects the prescription pattern of selected non-IBD medication and the risk of becoming an incident user.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study utilized data from Danish health registers.

Antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis to prevent preterm delivery: Systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases preterm delivery (PTD) risk, but treatment trials showed mixed results in preventing PTD.

Objectives: Determine, using individual participant data (IPD), whether BV treatment during pregnancy reduced PTD or prolonged time-to-delivery.

Data Sources: Cochrane Systematic Review (2013), MEDLINE, EMBASE, journal searches, and searches (January 2013-September 2022) ("bacterial vaginosis AND pregnancy") of (i) clinicaltrials.

Contrastive stress production by children with cochlear implants: Accuracy and acoustic characteristics.

The aim of this study was to examine the abilities of eight early-implanted children with cochlear implants (mean age 7.1 years) to produce contrastive stress and to compare their use of amplitude, duration, and fundamental frequency, to an age-matched group of children with typical hearing (mean age 6.11 years).

Physical activity measured by accelerometry in paediatric and young adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives: Physical activity in paediatric and young adult patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may play an important role in the overall health status. However, physical activity in these patients has not been reported using objective methods. We aimed to describe accelerometry-measured physical activity levels in paediatric and young adult IBD patients with either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD).

Infliximab Is Not Associated With a General Long-Term Weight Gain in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Study.

Introduction: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) may lose weight during periods of active disease and may gain weight when inflammation heals. Studies have hypothesized an association between antitumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-α) and unintended weight gain during maintenance therapy, and this association has not been previously clarified.

Methods: In a nationwide observational study based on Danish national health registries, we included patients who initiated therapy with infliximab and followed changes in weight during induction therapy (0-90 days) and maintenance therapy (91-270 days).

Does Disease Activity After Induction Treatment With Biologics Predict Short-Term Outcome in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis?

Background: Secondary loss of response to biological therapy is a challenge when treating Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Currently, no single marker has been found to be valid as a prognostic indicator of response to biologic therapy in patients with CD and UC. In this study, we aimed to assess whether disease activity after 14 weeks of biologic therapy has a prognostic impact on surgery and steroid-free remission during 6 months following completion of induction therapy.

The impact of medical therapies and factors related to treatment procedures in women with rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease receiving assisted reproduction: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To examine whether medications used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)/chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or factors related to the assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures, impact the success of ART. In women with RA/IBD, initial studies have shown a reduced chance of a live-born child after ART.

Design: Cohort study.

The Efficacy of Assisted Reproduction in Women with a Wide Spectrum of Chronic Diseases - A Review.

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments in women with underlying chronic diseases have become increasingly frequent. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the literature examining the chance of having a live born child after ART in women with chronic diseases, compared to other women receiving ART. We focused on some of the most prevalent chronic diseases in women during their reproductive years, ie ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and diabetes mellitus.

Outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. A population based national register study in Denmark.

Objective: COVID-19 has substantial morbidity and mortality. We studied whether hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and chronic inflammatory diseases experienced worse outcomes compared to patients hospitalized with COVID-19 without chronic inflammatory diseases.

Methods: Danish nationwide registers were used to establish a cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthropathy (SpA), or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (exposed), and a control cohort without these diseases (unexposed) between March 1, 2020, and October 31, 2020.

The Danish National Register of assisted reproductive technology: content and research potentials.

The Danish National Register of assisted reproductive technology (ART) was initially established in 1994. The register comprises complete information on all ART procedures in public and private clinics in Denmark from 2013 and onwards, including baseline information on the cause of infertility and a number of health-related patient characteristics. The register enables monitoring and research on infertility treatment and reproductive topics in single women or couples seeking assisted reproduction, and the register is thus a key component of the Danish health information system within human reproduction.

Hospitalization for COVID-19 in patients treated with selected immunosuppressant and immunomodulating agents, compared to the general population: A Danish cohort study.

Aims: In the Danish population, we examined whether patients treated with thiopurines, methotrexate, systemic corticosteroids, anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents, anti-interleukin therapeutic agents, selective immunosuppressive agents and cyclosporine/tacrolimus had an increased risk of hospitalization for COVID- 19, compared to the background population.

Methods: A nationwide cohort study including all people alive in Denmark on 1 March 2020. Exposed patients constituted those exposed to thiopurines (n = 5484), methotrexate (n = 17 977), systemic corticosteroids (n = 55 868), anti-TNF-α agents (n = 17 857), anti-interleukin therapeutic agents (n = 3744), selective immunosuppressive agents (n = 3026) and cyclosporine/tacrolimus (n = 1143) in a period of 12 months prior to 1 March 2020 (estimated time of outbreak in Denmark).

Infliximab, Immunomodulators and Treatment Failures in Paediatric and Adolescent Patients with Crohn's Disease: a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: In paediatric patients with Crohn's disease, the role of combination therapy, infliximab plus immunomodulators [thiopurine or methotrexate], is debated and data are sparse. We examined whether infliximab plus immunomodulators, compared to infliximab therapy alone, reduces the risk of treatment failure measured by intestinal surgery or switching type of anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] α agent within 24 months.

Design: Using Danish registries, we identified patients with Crohn's disease, aged ≤ 20 years at the time of the first infliximab treatment, and retrieved data on their co-medications.

Surgical repair of vaginal vault prolapse; a comparison between ipsilateral uterosacral ligament suspension and sacrospinous ligament fixation-a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Hysterectomy is frequently performed and associated with increased risk of subsequent genital prolapse including vaginal vault prolapse. Ipsilateral uterosacral ligament suspension (IUSLS) and sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) are two commonly performed surgical techniques to treat vaginal vault prolapse. There is no consensus on the ideal operation technique.

Body mass index influences the risk of reoperation after first-time surgery for pelvic organ prolapse. A Danish cohort study, 2010-2016.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the risk of reoperation for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) up to 5 years after first-time surgery.

Materials And Methods: This nationwide register-based study includes first-time POP surgery in 2010 through 2016. The cumulative incidence proportions of reoperation were analyzed in a Cox regression model and described using Kaplan-Meier plots stratified in BMI categories.

Live-born children after assisted reproduction in women with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are among the most prevalent chronic diseases in women in the fertile years and women with diabetes may experience several reproductive issues. We aimed to examine the chance of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth after assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and whether obesity per se influenced the results.

Methods: This nationwide register-based cohort study is based on the Danish ART Registry comprising 594 women with either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes from 2006 to 2017.

Live birth in women with multiple sclerosis receiving assisted reproduction.

Research Question: Multiple sclerosis is predominant in women during the childbearing years and, in case of problems with conceiving naturally, assisted reproductive technology (ART) becomes relevant. The efficacy of ART treatment in women with multiple sclerosis has not previously been studied. Our aim was to examine the chance of a liveborn infant after an embryo transfer in women with multiple sclerosis and to examine whether corticosteroids before embryo transfer had a beneficial effect.

Corticosteroids Prior to Embryo Transfer in Assisted Reproduction in Women with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis - A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: Former studies have suggested that women with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have a decreased chance of a live born child after assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. It is debated whether corticosteroids before ART may improve outcomes, either by decreasing inflammatory bowel disease-related inflammation or increasing endometrial receptivity. We examined the efficacy of corticosteroids before embryo transfer in women with CD and UC.

The impact of anti-TNFα therapy on colectomy rates and corticosteroid treatment among 3001 paediatric and adolescent patients with ulcerative colitis-a nationwide study from 1995 to 2015.

Background: The long-term effects of anti-TNFα therapy in ulcerative colitis are debatable.

Aim: To examine whether anti-TNFα therapy changed the colectomy proportion and reduced the use of corticosteroids.

Methods: A nationwide cohort study among patients (age 0-20) diagnosed with ulcerative colitis through 1995-2015 from Danish health registries.

Closed testing using surrogate hypotheses with restricted alternatives.

Introduction: The closed testing principle provides strong control of the type I error probabilities of tests of a set of hypotheses that are closed under intersection such that a given hypothesis H can only be tested and rejected at level α if all intersection hypotheses containing that hypothesis are also tested and rejected at level α. For the higher order hypotheses, multivariate tests (> 1df) are generally employed. However, such tests are directed to an omnibus alternative hypothesis of a difference in any direction for any component that may be less meaningful than a test directed against a restricted alternative hypothesis of interest.