Age and phenology control photosynthesis and leaf traits in the understory woody species, and .

Understory plants are often inadequately represented or neglected within analyses of forest ecosystem productivity. Further, the potential impacts of the biological factors of age class and growth form on carbon cycling physiology, and how it may vary across the growing season and amongst species of different native/non-native status, have not been thoroughly considered. Our study examines photosynthesis and associated physical leaf traits in two understory woody species, , introduced and invasive in North America, and , a common subcanopy species native to North America.

Nociceptor neurons direct goblet cells via a CGRP-RAMP1 axis to drive mucus production and gut barrier protection.

Neuroepithelial crosstalk is critical for gut physiology. However, the mechanisms by which sensory neurons communicate with epithelial cells to mediate gut barrier protection at homeostasis and during inflammation are not well understood. Here, we find that Nav1.

ChABC infusions into medial prefrontal cortex, but not posterior parietal cortex, improve the performance of rats tested on a novel, challenging delay in the touchscreen TUNL task.

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized extracellular matrix structures that surround subsets of neurons throughout the central nervous system (CNS). They are made up of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), hyaluronan, tenascin-R, and many other link proteins that together make up their rigid and lattice-like structure. Modulation of PNNs can alter synaptic plasticity and thereby affect learning, memory, and cognition.

Non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and NCI-H460 express hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase on the plasma membrane.

In both males and females, lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide and accounts for >30% of cancer-related deaths. Despite advances in biomarker analysis and tumor characterization, there remains a need to find suitable biomarker antigen targets for treatment in late-stage lung cancer. Previous research on the salvage pathway enzyme TK1 shows a unique relationship with cancer patients as serum levels are raised according to cancer grade.

Motivational, proteostatic and transcriptional deficits precede synapse loss, gliosis and neurodegeneration in the B6.Htt model of Huntington's disease.

We investigated the appearance and progression of disease-relevant signs in the B6.Htt mouse, a genetically precise model of the mutation that causes Huntington's disease (HD). We find that B6.

Corrosion Resistance of Atomic Layer Deposition-Generated Amorphous Thin Films.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to prepare amorphous thin films of AlO, NbO, and TaO on both silicon substrates and aluminum blocks. Etch rates in 10 M NHOH were determined from X-ray reflectometry data collected as a function of time. Amorphous AlO thin films were found to have an etch rate of 0.

Synthesis of inorganic structural isomers by diffusion-constrained self-assembly of designed precursors: a novel type of isomerism.

The structure of precursors is used to control the formation of six possible structural isomers that contain four structural units of PbSe and four structural units of NbSe2: [(PbSe)1.14]4[NbSe2]4, [(PbSe)1.14]3[NbSe2]3[(PbSe)1.

Designed synthesis, structure, and properties of a family of ferecrystalline compounds [(PbSe)(1.00)](m)(MoSe2)(n).

The targeted synthesis of multiple compounds with specific controlled nanostructures and identical composition is a grand challenge in materials chemistry. We report the synthesis of the new metastable compounds [(PbSe)1.00]m(MoSe2)n using precursors each designed to self-assemble into a specific compound.

Host species and habitat affect nodulation by specific Frankia genotypes in two species of Alnus in interior Alaska.

Alders (Alnus spp.) are important components of northern ecosystems due to their ability to fix nitrogen (N) in symbiosis with Frankia bacteria. Availability of optimal Frankia may be a contributing factor in limiting the performance and ecological effects of Alnus, but the factors underlying distribution of Alnus-infective Frankia are not well understood.