Evolution of localization methods for non-palpable breast lesions: a literature review from a translational medicine perspective.

Background And Objective: With an increasing number of non-palpable breast lesions detected due to improved screening, accurate localization of these lesions for surgery is crucial. This literature review explores the evolution of localization methods for non-palpable breast lesions, highlighting the translational journey from concept to clinical practice.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases until September 2023 was conducted.

Rare Breast Cancer Histotypes-A Retrospective Study and Literature Review.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally and can be classified according to various histological subtypes. Current treatment strategies are typically based on the cancer stage and molecular subtypes. This article aims to address the knowledge gap in the understanding of rare breast cancer.

Surgical margin and local recurrence of ductal carcinoma in situ.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the association between surgical margin status and local recurrence of DCIS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained 20-year DCIS database was performed. >=2 mm margin was defined as clear margin.

Single operator experience, learning curve, outcomes, and insights gained with conduction system pacing.

Background: Conduction system pacing (CSP) is increasingly utilized to prevent and correct dyssynchrony. Barriers to CSP adoption include limited training, methodologic variability, laboratory slot allocation, and few data on learning curves. We report learning curves/clinical outcomes from a single experienced electrophysiologist who was new to CSP, and share gained insights.

Pregnancy-related breast cancer: 14-year experience in a tertiary institution in Hong Kong.

Background: The incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increasing. Its tumor characteristics and overall survival compared with those in nonpregnant patients remain controversial. While there have been suggestions that PABC patients have a 40 % increase in the risk of death compared to non-pregnant patients, other studies suggested similar disease outcomes.

ChatGPT versus human in generating medical graduate exam multiple choice questions-A multinational prospective study (Hong Kong S.A.R., Singapore, Ireland, and the United Kingdom).

Introduction: Large language models, in particular ChatGPT, have showcased remarkable language processing capabilities. Given the substantial workload of university medical staff, this study aims to assess the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) produced by ChatGPT for use in graduate medical examinations, compared to questions written by university professoriate staffs based on standard medical textbooks.

Methods: 50 MCQs were generated by ChatGPT with reference to two standard undergraduate medical textbooks (Harrison's, and Bailey & Love's).

Extended reality in surgical education: A systematic review.

Background: This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of extended reality-based training in surgical education.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results: A total of 33 studies were included in the qualitative analysis.

Sex differences in permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is limited evidence on the effect of sex on permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the role of sex among patients requiring PPMI post-TAVR.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using the SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases for studies published until October 2022.

Cardiovascular Effects of Excess Growth Hormone: How Real is the Threat?

Patients with acromegaly carry a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In fact, CVD is the leading cause of mortality among this group of patients. The most frequent cardiovascular complications are heart failure (HF), valvular disease, hypertension, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Prospective Clinical Trial on Expanding Indications for Cryosurgery for Early Breast Cancers.

Introduction: This is a prospective single arm clinical trial on cryosurgery for early breast cancers, to evaluate the expanded criteria to tumors larger than 1.5 cm and non-luminal breast cancers.

Methods: Inclusion criteria include Solitary T1 breast cancers of any immunohistotypes.

Perception from students regarding online synchronous interactive teaching in the clinical year during COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to extensive practice of online learning. Our main objective is to compare different online synchronous interactive learning activities to evaluate students' perceptions. Moreover, we also aim to identify factors influencing their perceptions in these classes.

Dyssynchronous Heart Failure: A Clinical Review.

Purpose Of The Review: Dyssynchrony occurs when portions of the cardiac chambers contract in an uncoordinated fashion. Ventricular dyssynchrony primarily impacts the left ventricle and may result in heart failure. This entity is recognized as a major contributor to the development and progression of heart failure.

Axillary Reverse Mapping in the Prevention of Lymphoedema: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.

Background: This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing the use of axillary reverse mapping (ARM) with conventional technique for axillary dissection (AD) in breast cancer surgery.

Methods: This review was written in line with the PRISMA protocol. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases, using keywords .

Effect of Background Music in the Operating Room on Surgical Outcomes: A Prospective Single-Blinded Case-Control Study.

Background: The effect of playing background music on surgical outcomes has been controversial. This prospective case-control study aims to evaluate the impact of music tempo in general surgical settings.

Study Design: Six hundred consecutive patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer receiving breast cancer surgery have been recruited since April 2017.

Using clinical history taking chatbot mobile app for clinical bedside teachings - A prospective case control study.

Introduction: A novel chatbot mobile app for training of undergraduate medical students' clinical history taking skills was developed in 2021. Students were able to take clinical history from the virtual patient for bedside teaching. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of learning with chatbot mobile app, versus conventional bedside teachings with real patients.

The prognostic and diagnostic implications of surveillance serial myocardial perfusion imaging in asymptomatic renal transplant candidates.

Background: The utility of serial SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for CAD surveillance in asymptomatic ESRD patients awaiting kidney transplantation (KT) is uncertain.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively investigated 700 asymptomatic KT candidates with ≥ 2 pre-transplant SPECT-MPIs (mean interval, 20 ± 13 months). Worsening MPI was defined as total perfusion deficit increase (ΔTPD) > 5%.

"Catch, Flip, and Remove" Technique for Retrieval of a Hypermobile Detached Leadless Pacemaker: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Leadless pacemaker (LP) detachment is a rare but life-threatening complication that may occur during implantation. While different snaring techniques have been described to remove partially or completely detached LPs, there are currently no reports of snaring a hypermobile LP that travels between different cardiac chambers. This report describes a technique to successfully snare a hypermobile detached LP by first "catching" onto the tines for stabilization with the help of a multi-loop snare, followed by using a second snare for the proximal retrieval feature.

COVID-19 vaccine associated axillary lymphadenopathy - A systematic review.

Introduction: ; COVID-19 vaccines are commonly administered intramuscularly to the arm. Axillary lymphadenopathy has been reported as an adverse event after COVID-19 vaccination. In patients with breast cancers who received COVID-19 vaccination, presence of ipsilateral (or contralateral) lymphadenopathy poses diagnostic dilemma.

A prospective case-control study on online teaching of ultrasonography skills to medical students during COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: A new Online interactive Ultrasound Teaching (OUT) was developed in our institution in March 2021 during COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: This is a case control study on 65 final year medical students to compare OUT with conventional face-to-face ultrasound tutorials. There were 31 female and 34 male students.

Prospective clinical trial on the learning curve of high-intensity-focused ultrasound for the treatment of breast fibroadenoma.

Introduction: High-intensity-focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a safe and feasible treatment option for breast fibroadenoma. However, its learning curve has not been described in the medical literature.

Methods: All patients with biopsy-proven fibroadenoma considered indicated for HIFU were screened for eligibility for HIFU treatment.

Cross-sectional case-control study on medical students' psychosocial stress during COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant changes in pedagogy for undergraduate medical curriculum. Many physical clinical teachings have been replaced by online pedagogy. This study aims to evaluate the relation between medical students' stress during COVID-19 pandemic and their academic performance at the final examination.