Photoinduced Nitroarenes as Versatile Anaerobic Oxidants for Accessing Carbonyl and Imine Derivatives.

Herein, we report a protocol for the anaerobic oxidation of alcohols, amines, aldehydes, and imines promoted by photoexcited nitroarenes. Mechanistic studies support the idea that photoexcited nitroarenes undergo double hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) steps with alcohols and amines to provide the respective ketone and imine products. In the presence of aldehydes and imines, successive HAT and oxygen atom transfer (OAT) events occur to yield carboxylic acids and amides, respectively.

Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on acute gallbladder disease in the emergency department.

Objective: Acute gallbladder disease (AGD) is frequent in the emergency department (ED) and usually requires emergency surgery. However, only a few studies have reported the impact of COVID-19 on AGD. The goal of this study was to evaluate the time between symptom onset and surgery and the perioperative severity of AGD during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the era of COVID-19.

Team Approach to Improving Radiologist Wellness: A Case-Based Methodology.

Radiologist wellness is important on an individual and group/institutional level and helps to promote a strong and healthy working environment, which can improve radiologist retention and engagement. This paper will discuss case examples of radiologist wellness improvements in a single academic institution over a 3-year period using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) model. Leveraging this framework led to the implementation of reading room assistants, reduction in work-related injuries by improvements in ergonomics, and the formation of a faculty mentorship program.

Role of Ergonomic Improvements in Decreasing Repetitive Stress Injuries and Promoting Well-Being in a Radiology Department.

Rationale And Objectives: To determine if ergonomic improvements in a radiology department can decrease repetitive stress injuries (RSIs), advance ergonomics knowledge, and improve well-being.

Materials And Methods: Radiologists in an academic institution were surveyed regarding physician wellness, workstations, RSIs, and ergonomics knowledge before and after interventions over 1 year. Interventions included committee formation, education, wrist pads and wireless mice, broken table and chair replacement, and cord organization.

Imaging of Benign Hepatic lesions.

As abdominal imaging volumes have increased, the incidence of incidentally identified benign hepatic lesions has substantially increased. Familiarity with imaging appearances of benign hepatic tumors, both common and less commonly encountered, allows the radiologist to give an informed differential diagnosis. In addition to clinical history, awareness of imaging findings of benign hepatic lesions on ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is useful in evaluating these lesions and avoiding unnecessary diagnostic interventions or imaging surveillance.

Clinical dilemma of DKA and Covid-19 infection: A case report.

A 52-year-old man with no significant past medical history was found to have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the setting of COVID-19 infection. He presented with hyperglycemia and an anion gap metabolic acidosis, but without a clear infectious precipitant. Inflammatory markers were subsequently checked, and found to be significantly elevated, raising the suspicion for COVID-19 as a possible etiology despite the lack of typical symptoms - a rapid COVID-19 PCR test checked afterwards was found to be positive.

Application of calcium nebulization for mass exposure to an accidental hydrofluoric acid spill.

Purpose: To determine the long-term prevalence and characteristics of acute hydrofluoric acid (HF) exposure in 2223 patients during the first 30 months after a mass-casualty exposure, and to confirm the antidotal effect of nebulized calcium on inhalation burns caused by HF.

Methods: This observational cohort study included patients after an HF spill in the Republic of Korea on September 27, 2012; registered patients were followed until April 2015. We assessed toxic effects, distance from spill, degree of acute poisoning, and the effect of nebulized calcium in HF-exposed individuals.

Rare Vascular Anomalies in the Femoral Triangle During Varicose Vein Surgery.

Background: We observed several cases of rare vascular anomalies within the femoral triangle during varicose vein operations.

Methods: From among 2,093 patients who underwent stripping operations of the great saphenous vein between January 2002 and June 2016, 14 cases of rare vascular anomalies were enrolled in this study.

Results: Twelve cases of femoral artery and vein transposition (0.

Distal Femoral Arteriovenous Fistula with Iliac Vein Thrombosis after Blunt Trauma.

A 39-year-old woman arrived at our emergency department, complaining of severe pain and swelling of her left leg. She had slipped down stairs and injured on her left leg about 3 months ago. Computed tomography angiography showed left distal superficial femoral artery's pseudoaneurysm with arteriovenous fistula and thrombotic occlusion of left common iliac vein.

Factors related to intentional and unintentional medication nonadherence in elderly patients with hypertension in rural community.

Purpose: We assessed medication nonadherence, categorized as intentional or unintentional, and related factors in elderly patients with hypertension, correlating the data with measurement of blood pressure as the final target of medication adherence and other possible influencing factors, such as lifestyle.

Patients And Methods: Subjects were aged ≥65 years, resided in a rural area, and were taking antihypertensive drugs. The survey was conducted in July 2014.

The Poisoning Information Database Covers a Large Proportion of Real Poisoning Cases in Korea.

The poisoning information database (PIDB) provides clinical toxicological information on commonly encountered toxic substances in Korea. The aim of this study was to estimate the coverage rate of the PIDB by comparing the database with the distribution of toxic substances that real poisoning patients presented to 20 emergency departments. Development of the PIDB started in 2007, and the number of toxic substances increased annually from 50 to 470 substances in 2014.

Cross-validation and Peeling Strategies for Survival Bump Hunting using Recursive Peeling Methods.

We introduce a framework to build a survival/risk bump hunting model with a censored time-to-event response. Our Survival Bump Hunting (SBH) method is based on a recursive peeling procedure that uses a specific survival peeling criterion derived from non/semi-parametric statistics such as the hazards-ratio, the log-rank test or the Nelson--Aalen estimator. To optimize the tuning parameter of the model and validate it, we introduce an objective function based on survival or prediction-error statistics, such as the log-rank test and the concordance error rate.

R package PRIMsrc: Bump Hunting by Patient Rule Induction Method for Survival, Regression and Classification.

PRIMsrc is a novel implementation of a non-parametric bump hunting procedure, based on the Patient Rule Induction Method (PRIM), offering a unified treatment of outcome variables, including censored time-to-event (Survival), continuous (Regression) and discrete (Classification) responses. To fit the model, it uses a recursive peeling procedure with specific peeling criteria and stopping rules depending on the response. To validate the model, it provides an objective function based on prediction-error or other specific statistic, as well as two alternative cross-validation techniques, adapted to the task of decision-rule making and estimation in the three types of settings.

Severe romiplostim-induced rebound thrombocytopenia after splenectomy for refractory ITP.

Objective: To report a case of severe rebound thrombocytopenia after temporary discontinuation of romiplostim during splenectomy in the context of refractory immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Case Summary: A 65-year-old man with a history of severe refractory ITP failing multiple treatments was considered for romiplostim therapy. He was initiated on 1 µg/kg and titrated upward to 4 µg/kg to elevate and stabilize his platelet levels prior to splenectomy.

Cross-Validation of Survival Bump Hunting by Recursive Peeling Methods.

We introduce a survival/risk bump hunting framework to build a bump hunting model with a possibly censored time-to-event type of response and to validate model estimates. First, we describe the use of adequate survival peeling criteria to build a survival/risk bump hunting model based on recursive peeling methods. Our method called "Patient Recursive Survival Peeling" is a rule-induction method that makes use of specific peeling criteria such as hazard ratio or log-rank statistics.