Tree-ring chronology data of non-native (Royle ex Gordon) in Zambia.

Although (Royle ex Gordon) is endemic to South Asia, where it grows naturally in pure stands, its growth trajectory in Zambia has not been evaluated. It is estimated that half of the plantation total area is found close to the Copper mine smelters, and the other half is in remote locations approximately 30 km away from the mining activities. Variation in tree growth of non-native forests between these locations in Zambia has been observed, but the causes are unknown.