Intraoperative teamwork and occupational stress during robot-assisted surgery: An observational study.

Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) differs from traditional OR set-ups in several ways such as operation of technology and obstructed team communication that potentially affect surgical staff's stress experiences. The current study investigates the effects of key intraoperative job demands and resources on mental workload and perceived stress in RAS. We focused on the role of intraoperative teamwork as a resource that potentially reduces occupational stress.

Decomposition of CrN induced by laser-assisted atom probe tomography.

It is known that measurement parameters can significantly influence the elemental composition determined by atom probe tomography (APT). Especially results obtained by laser-assisted APT show a strong effect of the laser pulse energy on the apparent elemental composition. Within this study laser-assisted APT experiments were performed on CrN and thermally more stable (CrAl)N, comparing two different base temperatures (i.

High-Temperature Nanoindentation of an Advanced Nano-Crystalline W/Cu Composite.

The applicability of nano-crystalline W/Cu composites is governed by their mechanical properties and microstructural stability at high temperatures. Therefore, mechanical and structural investigations of a high-pressure torsion deformed W/Cu nanocomposite were performed up to a temperature of 600 °C. Furthermore, the material was annealed at several temperatures for 1 h within a high-vacuum furnace to determine microstructural changes and surface effects.

Investigating voice in action teams: a critical review.

Team communication is considered a key factor for team performance. Importantly, voicing concerns and suggestions regarding work-related topics-also termed speaking up-represents an essential part of team communication. Particularly in action teams in high-reliability organizations such as healthcare, military, or aviation, voice is crucial for error prevention.

Associations of form and function of speaking up in anaesthesia: a prospective observational study.

Background: Speaking up with concerns in the interest of patient safety has been identified as important for the quality and safety of patient care. The study objectives were to identify how anaesthesia care providers speak up, how their colleagues react to it, whether there is an association among speak up form and reaction, and how this reaction is associated with further speak up.

Methods: Data were collected over 3 months at a single centre in Switzerland by observing 49 anaesthesia care providers while performing induction of general anaesthesia in 53 anaesthesia teams.

An Advanced TiAl Alloy for High-Performance Racing Applications.

Requirements and strict regulations for high-performance racing applications involve the use of new and innovative lightweight structural materials. Therefore, intermetallic γ-TiAl-based alloys enable new opportunities in the field due to their lower density compared to commonly used Ni-base superalloys. In this study, a β-solidifying TiAl alloy was examined toward its use as structural material for inlet and outlet valves.

Differences in talking-to-the-room behaviour between novice and expert teams during simulated paediatric resuscitation: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Team coordination represents an important factor for clinical performance. Research in this area suggests that not only behaviour frequencies but also patterns of team coordination constitute a central aspect of teamwork. However, little is known about potential differences in coordination patterns between novice teams (ie, teams of inexperienced members) and expert teams (ie, teams of experienced members).

Monitoring and talking to the room: autochthonous coordination patterns in team interaction and performance.

This paper builds on and extends theory on team functioning in high-risk environments. We examined 2 implicit coordination behaviors that tend to emerge autochthonously within high-risk teams: team member monitoring and talking to the room. Focusing on nonrandom patterns of behavior, we examined sequential patterns of team member monitoring and talking to the room in higher- and lower-performing action teams working in a high-risk health care environment.

Co-ACT--a framework for observing coordination behaviour in acute care teams.

Background: Acute care teams (ACTs) represent action teams, that is, teams in which members with specialised roles must coordinate their actions during intense situations, often under high time pressure and with unstable team membership. Using behaviour observation, patient safety research has been focusing on defining teamwork behaviours-particularly coordination-that are critical for patient safety during these intense situations. As one result of this divergent research landscape, the number, scope and variety of applied behaviour observation taxonomies are growing, making comparison and convergent integration of research findings difficult.

Speaking up is related to better team performance in simulated anesthesia inductions: an observational study.

Background: Our goal in this study was to test the relationship between speaking up--i.e., questioning, correcting, or clarifying a current procedure--and technical team performance in anesthesia.

Interactions of team mental models and monitoring behaviors predict team performance in simulated anesthesia inductions.

In the present study, we investigated how two team mental model properties (similarity vs. accuracy) and two forms of monitoring behavior (team vs. systems) interacted to predict team performance in anesthesia.

Managing nonroutine events in anesthesia: the role of adaptive coordination.

Objective: This field study aimed at examining the role of anesthesia teams' adaptive coordination in managing changing situational demands, such as in nonroutine events (NREs).

Background: Medical teams' ability to adapt their teamwork (e.g.