ROX index performance to predict high-flow nasal oxygen outcome in Covid-19 related hypoxemic acute respiratory failure.

Background: Given the pathophysiology of hypoxemia in patients with Covid-19 acute respiratory failure (ARF), it seemed necessary to evaluate whether ROX index (ratio SpO/FiO to respiratory rate) could accurately predict intubation or death in these patients initially treated by high-flow nasal oxygenation (HFNO). We aimed, therefore, to assess the accuracy of ROX index to discriminate between HFNO failure (sensitivity) and HFNO success (specificity).

Methods: We designed a multicentre retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with Covid-19 ARF.

The combination of Ara h 2-sIgE and basophil activation test could be an alternative to oral food challenge in cases of suspected peanut allergy.

Background: Most children with peanut sensitisation do not have a clinical peanut allergy (PA). Oral food challenge (OFC) is then necessary to diagnose PA and assess the reactive dose of the allergen. However, OFC is laborious to perform, expensive and stressful.

Intestinal permeability and appetite regulating peptides-reactive immunoglobulins in severely malnourished women with anorexia nervosa.

Background & Aims: In the last decades, the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis has emerged in the regulation of eating behavior and in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa (AN) that remains poorly understood. Particularly, a gut-derived dysregulation of immune response has been proposed leading to immunoglobulins directed against appetite-regulating peptides. However, intestinal permeability in patients with anorexia nervosa has been poorly documented.

Long-term Outcomes Following Surgical Management of Rectal Endometriosis: Seven-year Follow-up of Patients Enrolled in a Randomized Trial.

Study Objective: To compare functional outcomes, recurrence rate, and pregnancy likelihood in patients undergoing conservative or radical surgery for deep rectal endometriosis followed up for 7 years.

Design: Prospective study in a cohort of patients enrolled in a 2-arm randomized trial from March 2011 to August 2013.

Setting: A tertiary referral center.

High-flow oxygen therapy noninvasive ventilation: a randomised physiological crossover study of alveolar recruitment in acute respiratory failure.

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has recently shown clinical benefits in hypoxaemic acute respiratory failure (ARF) patients, while the value of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) remains debated. The primary end-point was to compare alveolar recruitment using global end-expiratory electrical lung impedance (EELI) between HFNC and NIV. Secondary end-points compared regional EELI, lung volumes (global and regional tidal volume variation ( )), respiratory parameters, haemodynamic tolerance, dyspnoea and patient comfort between HFNC and NIV, relative to face mask (FM).

Assessment of the architecture and integrity of frozen-thawed testicular tissue from (pre)pubertal boys with cancer.

Background: Testicular tissue freezing is proposed for fertility preservation to (pre)pubertal boys with cancer before highly gonadotoxic treatment. Studies accurately comparing human (pre)pubertal testicular tissue quality before freezing and after thawing are exceptional. No study has reported this approach in a systematic manner and routine care.

Single-source dual energy CT to assess myocardial extracellular volume fraction in aortic stenosis before transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).

Purpose: To assess myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measurement provided by a single-source dual-energy computed tomography (SSDE-CT) acquisition added at the end of a routine CT examination before transcatether aortic valve implantation (TAVI) compared to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients (10 men, 11 women; mean age, 86±4.9 years [SD]; age range: 71-92 years) with severe aortic stenosis underwent standard pre-TAVI CT with additional cardiac SSDE-CT acquisition 7minutes after intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material and myocardial MRI including pre- and post-contrast T1-maps.

A regimen with caplacizumab, immunosuppression, and plasma exchange prevents unfavorable outcomes in immune-mediated TTP.

The anti-von Willebrand factor nanobody caplacizumab was licensed for adults with immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) based on prospective controlled trials. However, few data are available on postmarketing surveillance. We treated 90 iTTP patients with a compassionate frontline triplet regimen associating therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), immunosuppression with corticosteroids and rituximab, and caplacizumab.

Risk of early progression according to circulating ESR1 mutation, CA-15.3 and cfDNA increases under first-line anti-aromatase treatment in metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Endocrine therapy is recommended as a first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (HR+MBC) patients. No biomarker has been validated to predict tumor progression in that setting. We aimed to prospectively compare the risk of early progression according to circulating ESR1 mutations, CA-15.

Early Postoperative Renal Dysfunction Predicts Long-Term Renal Function Degradation after Type IV Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgical Repair.

Background: Type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgical repair is often complicated by postoperative acute kidney injury. The aim was to evaluate early renal injury influence on long-term renal function.

Methods: All type IV thoracoabdominal surgical repair performed between January 2000 and January 2014 in our tertiary hospital were included in this retrospective observational study.

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Risk and Long-Term Survival Following Hepatectomy for Spontaneous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rupture: Results of a Multicenter French Study (FRENCH-AFC).

Background: Spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a life-threatening complication, with a reported mortality rate of between 16 and 30% and an incidence rate of approximately 3% in Europe. Survival data and risk factors after ruptured HCC are lacking, especially for peritoneal metastasis (PM).

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the pattern of recurrence and mortality after hepatectomy for ruptured HCC, and to focus on PM.

Excision versus colorectal resection in deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum: 5-year follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Is there a difference in functional outcomes and recurrence rate between conservative versus radical rectal surgery in patients with large deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum 5 years postoperatively?

Summary Answer: No evidence was found that long-term outcomes differed when nodule excision was compared to rectal resection for deeply invasive endometriosis involving the bowel.

What Is Known Already: Functional outcomes of nodule excision and rectal resection for deeply invasive endometriosis involving the bowel are comparable 2 years after surgery. Despite numerous previously reported case series enrolling patients managed for colorectal endometriosis, long-term data remain scarce in the literature.

Baseline severe constipation negatively impacts functional outcomes of surgery for deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum: Results of the ENDORE randomized trial.

Background: Predictive factors of functional outcomes after the surgery of rectal endometriosis are not well identified. Our recent randomized trial did not find significant differences between functional outcomes in patients managed by radical or conservative rectal surgery.

Objective: To identify preoperative factors which determine functional outcomes of surgery in patients with rectal endometriosis.

Impact of prehabilitation on morbidity and mortality after pulmonary lobectomy by minimally invasive surgery: a cohort study.

Background: Thoracic surgery is currently the optimal treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it may be responsible for numerous postoperative complications and is often used in patients with multi co morbidities. In recent years, the optimization of a patient's physical capacity before surgery has been the subject of several studies.

Conservative surgery versus colorectal resection in deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum: a randomized trial.

Study Question: Is there a difference in functional outcome between conservative versus radical rectal surgery in patients with large deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum 2 years postoperatively?

Summary Answer: No evidence was found that functional outcomes differed when conservative surgery was compared to radical rectal surgery for deeply invasive endometriosis involving the bowel.

What Is Known Already: Adopting a conservative approach to the surgical management of deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum, by employing shaving or disc excision, appears to yield improved digestive functional outcomes. However, previous comparative studies were not randomized, introducing a possible bias regarding the presumed superiority of conservative techniques due to the inclusion of patients with more severe deep endometriosis who underwent colorectal resection.

Bleeding Recurrence and Mortality Following Interventional Management of Spontaneous HCC Rupture: Results of a Multicenter European Study.

Background: The incidence of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is low in Europe, at less than 3%. HCC rupture remains a life-threatening complication, with mortality reported between 16 and 30%. The risk of bleeding recurrence has never been clearly evaluated in such clinical situation.

The Interest of Performing "On-Demand Chest X-rays" after Lung Resection by Minimally Invasive Surgery.

 There is a lack of consensus in hospital centers regarding costly daily routine chest X-rays after lung resection by minimally invasive surgery. Indeed, there is no evidence that performing daily chest X-rays prevents postoperative complications. Our objective was to compare chest X-rays performed on demand when there was clinical suspicion of postoperative complications and chest X-rays performed systematically in daily routine practice.

Maintenance nifedipine therapy for preterm symptomatic placenta previa: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the impact of maintenance nifedipine therapy on pregnancy duration in women with preterm placenta previa bleeding.

Methods: PPADAL was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted between 05/2008 and 05/2012 in five French hospitals. The trial included 109 women, aged ≥ 18 years, with at least one episode of placenta previa bleeding, intact membranes and no other pregnancy complication, at gestational age 24 to 34 weeks and after 48 hours of complete acute tocolysis.

Excess Body Mass Index Loss at 3 Months: A Predictive Factor of Long-Term Result after Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) is considered as successful if the percentage of Excess Body Mass Index Loss (% EBMIL) remains constant over 50% with long-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether early % EBMIL was predictive of success after SG. This retrospective study included patients who had SG with two years of follow-up.

Use of water-soluble contrast medium (gastrografin) does not decrease the need for operative intervention nor the duration of hospital stay in uncomplicated acute adhesive small bowel obstruction? A multicenter, randomized, clinical trial (Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction Study) and systematic review.

Background: This study evaluated the association between oral gastrografin administration and the need for operative intervention in patients with presumed adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Methods: Between October 2006 and August 2009, 242 patients with uncomplicated acute adhesive small bowel obstruction were included in a randomized, controlled trial (the Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction Study, NCT00389116) and allocated to a gastrografin arm or a saline solution arm. The primary end point was the need for operative intervention within 48 hours of randomization.

Kinetics, prognostic and predictive values of ESR1 circulating mutations in metastatic breast cancer patients progressing on aromatase inhibitor.

Purpose: To assess the prognostic and predictive value of circulating ESR1 mutation and its kinetics before and after progression on aromatase inhibitor (AI) treatment.

Patients And Methods: ESR1 circulating D538G and Y537S/N/C mutations were retrospectively analyzed by digital droplet PCR after first-line AI failure in patients treated consecutively from 2010 to 2012 for hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to circulating mutational status and subsequent lines of treatment.