Layers of Genius: The Mohs Method and Its Maverick Inventor.

Dr. Frederic E. Mohs significantly advanced the treatment of skin cancer with the development of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).

Effective military mental health considerations in Navy basic training.

The U.S. military has been met with challenges in manning to meet mission requirements over the past several years.

Planned Dental Extractions After Radiation Therapy.

Importance: Nonrestorable teeth are recommended to be extracted prior to radiation therapy (RT). Occasionally, preradiation extractions introduce unacceptable delays in treatment initiation. Planned dental extractions immediately postradiation presents an alternative strategy, though outcomes are uncertain.

Variants in the autoimmune disease risk locus influence the regulatory network in immune cells and salivary gland.

Fine mapping and bioinformatic analysis of the genetic risk association in Sjögren's Disease (SjD) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) identified five common SNPs with functional evidence in immune cell types: rs4938573, rs57494551, rs4938572, rs4936443, rs7117261. Functional interrogation of nuclear protein binding affinity, enhancer/promoter regulatory activity, and chromatin-chromatin interactions in immune, salivary gland epithelial, and kidney epithelial cells revealed cell type-specific allelic effects for all five SNPs that expanded regulation beyond effects on and expression. Mapping the local chromatin regulatory network revealed several additional genes of interest, including .

Females have lower salivary flow than males, before and after radiation therapy for head/neck cancer.

Objective: To compare salivary flow rates between females and males, before and after radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: Prospective observational multicenter cohort study (OraRad). Stimulated whole salivary flow was measured before RT and at 6 and 18 months after RT.

Regulation of STAT1 and STAT4 Expression by Growth Factor and Interferon Supplementation in Sjögren's Syndrome Cell Culture Models.

Our goal was to investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and interferons (IFNs) on signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT1 and STAT4 mRNA and active phosphorylated protein expression in Sjögren's syndrome cell culture models. iSGECs (immortalized salivary gland epithelial cells) and A253 cells were treated with EGF, IFN-alpha, -beta, -gamma, or mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 alpha (p38-MAPK) inhibitor for 0-24-48-72 h. STAT1 and STAT4 mRNA expression was quantified by qRT-PCR.

Optically Transparent Lead Halide Perovskite Polycrystalline Ceramics.

We utilize room-temperature uniaxial pressing at applied loads achievable with low-cost, laboratory-scale presses to fabricate freestanding CHNHPbX (X = Br, Cl) polycrystalline ceramics with millimeter thicknesses and optical transparency up to ∼70% in the infrared. As-fabricated perovskite ceramics can be produced with desirable form factors (i.e.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms conferring susceptibility to leukemia and oral mucositis: a multi-center pilot study of patients prior to conditioning therapy for hematopoietic cell transplant.

Purpose: Leukemias have been associated with oral manifestations, reflecting susceptibility to cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis. We sought to identify SNPs associated with both leukemia and oral mucositis (OM).

Methods: Whole exome sequencing was performed on leukemia and non-cancer blood disorder (ncBD) patients' saliva samples (N = 50) prior to conditioning therapy.

Factors associated with oral hygiene compliance in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.

Background: Patients who are oral hygiene noncompliant (OHNC) are more likely to lose teeth after radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC), which increases the risk of developing osteoradionecrosis. A previous study revealed that patients who were OHNC at baseline (BL) who became oral hygiene compliant during follow-up had the best tooth-failure outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with oral hygiene compliance (OHC), overall, and among those who were BL OHNC.

Reduced mouth opening in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy: an analysis of the Clinical Registry of Dental Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients (OraRad).

Objective: Trismus/reduced mouth opening (RMO) is a common side effect of radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). The objective was to measure RMO, identify risk factors for RMO, and determine its impact on quality of life (QOL).

Study Design: OraRad is an observational, prospective, multicenter cohort study of patients receiving curative intent RT for HNC.

Subjective Oral Dryness following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report from the Orastem Study.

Xerostomia, or subjective oral dryness, is a serious complaint after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Xerostomia is rated as one of the most bothersome symptoms by HCT recipients, negatively affecting quality of life. This substudy of the Orastem study, a prospective longitudinal, international, observational, multicenter study, aimed to describe the prevalence and severity of xerostomia following HCT.

Incidence, severity, and temporal development of oral complications in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients - a multicenter study.

Purpose: Oral mucositis is a common complication for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and causes pain and difficulties in functions like eating and swallowing, resulting in lower quality of life and greater need of treatment with opioids and parenteral nutrition. This prospective multicenter study focused on pediatric recipients of HSCT in the neutropenic phase concerning oral complications, timing, severity, and patient experience.

Methods: The cohort comprised 68 patients, median age 11.

The effect of conditioning regimen and prescribed medications on hyposalivation in haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients: an 18-month prospective longitudinal study.

Objectives: Haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) preceded by a conditioning regimen is an established treatment option for (non)malignant haematologic disorders. We aim to describe the development of hyposalivation over time in HCT recipients, and determine risk indicators.

Materials And Methods: A multi-centre prospective longitudinal observational study was conducted.

Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Introduction: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a debilitating side effect of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), affecting the quality of life of patients. We used whole exome sequencing to identify candidate SNPs and complete a multi-marker gene-level analysis using a cohort of cGVHD( +) (N = 16) and cGVHD( -) (N = 66) HCT patients.

Methods: Saliva samples were collected from HCT patients (N = 82) pre-conditioning in a multi-center study from March 2011 to May 2018.

A health data led approach for assessing potential health benefits of green and blue spaces: Lessons from an Irish case study.

Research producing evidence-based information on the health benefits of green and blue spaces often has within its design, the potential for inherent or implicit bias which can unconsciously orient the outcomes of such studies towards preconceived hypothesis. Many studies are situated in proximity to specific or generic green and blue spaces (hence, constituting a green or blue space led approach), others are conducted due to availability of green and blue space data (hence, applying a green or blue space data led approach), while other studies are shaped by particular interests in the association of particular health conditions with presence of, or engagements with green or blue spaces (hence, adopting a health or health status led approach). In order to tackle this bias and develop a more objective research design for studying associations between human health outcomes and green and blue spaces, this paper discussed the features of a methodological framework suitable for that purpose after an initial, year-long, exploratory Irish study.

Human oral mucosa and oral microbiome interactions following supragingival plaque reconstitution in healthy volunteers: a diet-controlled balanced design proof-of-concept model to investigate oral pathologies.

Changes in the oral microbiome may contribute to oral pathologies, especially in patients undergoing cancer therapy. Interactions between oral microbiome and oral mucosa may exacerbate inflammation. We determined whether probiotic-controlled plaque formation could impact proximal oral mucosa gene expression profiles in healthy volunteers.

Low rate of secondary surgery and implant removal following superior, precontoured plating of midshaft clavicle fractures.

Background: Surgical fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures with a single 3.5 mm superior clavicular plate has been associated with a high rate of hardware removal due to symptomatic hardware. Because of this, dual-plating techniques with lower-profile implants have been proposed.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VIII: Development of a core outcome set for oral lichen planus: a consensus study.

Objective: A core outcome set (COS) is the minimum agreed-on data set required to be measured in interventional trials. To date, there is no COS for oral lichen planus (OLP). This study describes the final consensus project that brought together the results of the previous stages of the project to develop the COS for OLP.

Tooth-level predictors of tooth loss and exposed bone after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.

Background: The objective of this study was to identify tooth-level risk factors for use during preradiation dental care management to predict risk of tooth failure (tooth lost or declared hopeless) and exposed bone after radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: The authors conducted a prospective observational multicenter cohort study of 572 patients receiving RT for HNC. Participants were examined by calibrated examiners before RT and then every 6 months until 2 years after RT.

Oral health in patients scheduled for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Orastem study.

Despite advances in transplant medicine, prevalence of complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains high. The impact of pre-HSCT oral health factors on the incidence and severity of complications post-HSCT is poorly understood. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to analyze oral health in patients planned for HSCT.

Oral health-related quality of life after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer: the OraRad study.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment results in morbidity impacting quality of life (QOL) in survivorship. This analysis evaluated changes in oral health-related QOL (OH-QOL) up to 2 years after curative intent radiation therapy (RT) for HNC patients and factors associated with these changes.

Methods: 572 HNC patients participated in a multicenter, prospective observational study (OraRad).

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VIII: Development of a core outcome set for oral lichen planus: the patient perspective.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived experience of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and investigate what treatment-related outcomes are the most important to them and should be included in a core outcome set (COS) for OLP.

Study Design: A qualitative study involving focus group work with 10 participants was conducted. Interviews with each focus group were held twice: session 1 explored the lived experience of patients with OLP, and session 2 allowed patients to review a summary of the outcome domains used in the OLP literature to date.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VIII: Development of a core outcome set for oral lichen planus: a systematic review of outcome domains.

Objective: There is a lack of consensus regarding clinician- and patient-reported oral lichen planus (OLP) outcomes. The World Workshop on Oral Medicine Outcomes Initiative for the Direction of Research (WONDER) Project aims to develop a core outcome set (COS) for OLP, which would inform the design of clinical trials and, importantly, facilitate meta-analysis, leading to the establishment of more robust evidence for the management of this condition and hence improved patient care.

Study Design: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Clinicaltrials.

Association of Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels at Time of Injury with Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Surgically Treated Hip Fractures.

Unlabelled: An elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level has been shown to be associated with mortality and cardiac events in cardiac surgery, but its utility in the prediction of morbidity and mortality in hip fracture surgery is unknown. The primary aim of this study was to determine if there is a difference in BNP level at the time of injury between patients who do and do not develop complications after hip fracture surgery. The secondary aim was to determine if there is a predictive relationship between complications associated with the initial BNP level and mortality.