Publications by authors named "Michael Bradaric"
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Diazeniumdiolates, also known as NONOates, are extensively used in biochemical, physiological, and pharmacological studies due to their ability to release nitric oxide (NO ) and/or their congeneric nitroxyl (HNO). The purpose of this work was to synthesize a series of primary amine-based diazeniumdiolates as HNO/NO donors and to determine their efficacy as anticancer and antifungal agents in vivo. The seven compounds (3a-3g) were successfully synthesized and characterized, one of which had been previously reported in the literature (3g).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There is increasing preclinical evidence indicating that metformin, a medication commonly used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, may protect against cancer. Motivated by this emerging evidence we asked 2 questions: (1) can metformin prevent ovarian cancer growth by altering metabolism and (2) will metformin increase sensitivity to chemotherapy.
Study Design: The effect of metformin in ovarian cancer was tested in vitro and with 2 different mouse models.
Aim: To determine whether statin use is associated with improved epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa) survival.
Methods: This is a single-institution retrospective cohort review of patients treated for OvCa between 1992 and 2013. Inclusion criteria were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I-IV OvCa.
Problem: Ovarian cancer (OVCA) disseminates in a distinct pattern through peritoneal metastasis and little is known about the immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Our goal was to determine changes in NK cell population during OVCA development and the effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera, Dunal) supplementation on NK cell localization in laying hens with OVCA.
Methods: Frequency of NK cells in ovarian tumors at early and late stages in 3- to 4-year-old hens (exploratory study) as well as in hens supplemented with dietary Ashwagandha root powder for 90 days (prospective study) was examined.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the differences in lymphocyte content between normal ovaries and ovarian tumors in chickens to better understand immunity's role in ovarian cancer progression.
- Using ultrasound techniques, hens with either normal or tumor morphology were selected, and lymphocyte numbers were analyzed through flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.
- Results indicated that ovarian tumors had a higher presence of immune cells (specifically CD8+ and Bu1a+ cells), especially in late stage serous tumors, highlighting the potential of chickens as a model for studying immune responses in ovarian cancer.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored the use of laying hens as a model to investigate the blood vessel dynamics of ovarian tumors, specifically in early-stage ovarian cancer.
- Significant enhancements in microvessel visualization were achieved using a contrast agent, showing differences between healthy and cancer-affected ovaries.
- The findings suggest that laying hens could serve as an effective model for studying ovarian cancer diagnostics and testing new contrast agents.
Article Synopsis
- Sphingosine-1 receptor 1 (S1P1) is important for lymphocyte movement and may affect tumor response and metastasis.
- The study examined S1P1 expression in hens to compare with human ovarian tissues, using techniques like RT-PCR and Western blot.
- Results showed that S1P1 is present in both hen and human ovarian tissues and tumors, highlighting the hen as a useful model for studying S1P1's role in ovarian cancer.
Background: We showed there are specific ALDH1 autoantibodies in ovarian autoimmune disease and ovarian cancer, suggesting a role for ALDH1 in ovarian pathology. However, there is little information on the ovarian expression of ALDH1. Therefore, we compared ALDH1 expression in normal ovary and benign and malignant ovarian tumors to determine if ALDH1 expression is altered in ovarian cancer.
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- The study investigates tumor-associated neoangiogenesis (TAN) in laying hens as an early indicator of ovarian cancer (OVCA) and its potential for early detection using Doppler ultrasonography.
- Significant changes in ovarian blood flow were detected before tumors were visible through traditional imaging, indicating that TAN can occur prior to tumor development.
- The findings suggest using hens as models for further research on early-stage OVCA detection and the effectiveness of treatment methods targeting ovarian TAN.
The high mortality rate due to ovarian cancer (OVCA) is attributed to the lack of an effective early detection method. Because of the nonspecificity of symptoms at early stage, most of the OVCA cases are detected at late stages. This makes the access to women with early-stage disease problematic and presents a barrier to development and validation of tests for detection of early stage of OVCA in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntitumor antibodies are associated with tumors in human cancers. There is relatively little information on the timing and progression of antibody response to tumors. The objective of the study was to determine if spontaneous ovarian cancer in the egg-laying hen is associated with antitumor antibodies.
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- Animal models, particularly laying hens, are crucial for studying the development of spontaneous ovarian cancer due to their similarity to human tumors.
- This study utilized transvaginal sonography to successfully detect ovarian tumors in laying hens, with findings consistent across imaging, anatomy, and histology.
- The research indicates that sonography not only identifies tumor presence but also allows for ongoing monitoring of ovarian changes over time, making it a valuable tool in cancer research.
Article Synopsis
- There is a significant lack of reliable diagnostic markers for early-stage ovarian cancer (OVCA), prompting a study to evaluate the presence of specific antibodies in patients with OVCA.
- The study used serum samples from various groups such as OVCA patients, benign tumor patients, and healthy women to assess the presence of anti-ovarian and anti-tumor antibodies through immunoassays.
- Results showed that women with OVCA had a notably higher prevalence of ovarian (81%) and anti-tumor (69%) autoantibodies compared to control groups, suggesting that these antibodies could be potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer detection.