Ophthalmological manifestations in a diverse pediatric population with Type I and Type II Stickler syndrome.

Objective: To characterize and compare our cohorts of pediatric patients with type I and type II Sticker syndrome, with a focus on ophthalmological features.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: Twenty-six patients (22 families) with clinical and genetic diagnoses of types I or II Stickler syndrome.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Unilateral Coats disease - a Global Collaborative Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in unilateral Coats disease in the era of anti-VEGF therapy.

Design: Global, multicenter, retrospective case series.

Subjects: 656 eyes of 656 subjects with Coats disease were included in this study.

Aggressive Onset of a Progressive FEVR Phenotype in a Child With Novel Mutations in and .

To describe a patient with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) and the treatment course. A case was evaluated. A 3-year-old boy presented with severe onset of FEVR, with a subhyaloid hemorrhage in 1 eye and tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in the fellow eye.

Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity Is Not Associated With Systemic Hypertension.

Purpose: To evaluate for an association between systemic hypertension and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment, due to a 2020 case report of a neonate with ROP developing systemic hypertension and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after IVB and limited data on long-term safety of IVB.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using vital signs for 90 days, comparing IVB to laser treatment. The primary outcome was short-term hypertension, recorded for at least 3 consecutive days following treatment.

Association of Health Insurance Status With Severity and Treatment Among Infants With Retinopathy of Prematurity.

This study describes retinopathy of prematurity treatment practices using Medicaid and commercial claims databases. Infants with Medicaid tend to be sicker overall and have higher rates of retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment than those with commercial insurance. Among patients who required treatment, those with Medicaid were more likely to receive anti-vascular endothelial growth factor than laser treatment.

Exudative retinal detachment after laser in retinopathy of prematurity.

Treatment of retinopathy of prematurity with laser photocoagulation can be very effective in preventing future blindness, but its complications should be well understood by the ophthalmologists performing the treatment. We present the case of a 4-month-old girl in whom laser photocoagulation led to an exudative retinal detachment in both eyes. The fluid eventually resolved after treatment with topical and systemic steroids, but the effects of persistent fluid led to permanent photoreceptor loss.

Retinopathy of Prematurity in the 21st Century and the Complex Impact of Supplemental Oxygen.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness. Not only do the epidemiologic determinants and distributions of patients with ROP vary worldwide, but clinical differences have also been described. The Third Edition of the International Classification of ROP (ICROP3) acknowledges that aggressive ROP (AROP) can occur in larger preterm infants and involve areas of the more anterior retina, particularly in low-resource settings with unmonitored oxygen supplementation.

Smartphone application links severity of retinopathy of prematurity to early motor behavior in a cohort of high-risk preterm infants.

Purpose: To evaluate the General Movement Assessment (GMA) with the Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R) as a neurodevelopmental marker in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: Infants screened prospectively for ROP were evaluated at 3 months' post-term age using a smartphone application to complete the GMA and MOS-R. Results were analyzed by ROP severity.

Single shot quantitative polarized light imaging system for rapid planar biaxial testing of soft tissues.

Quantitative Polarized Light Imaging (QPLI) is an established technique used to compute the orientation of collagen fibers based on their birefringence. QPLI systems typically require rotating linear polarizers to obtain sufficient data to estimate orientation, which limits acquisition speeds and is not ideal for its application to mechanical testing. In this paper, we present a QPLI system designed with no moving parts; a single shot technique which is ideal to characterize collagen fiber orientation and kinematics during mechanical testing.

Building Programs to Eradicate Toxoplasmosis Part I: Introduction and Overview.

Purpose Of Review: Review building of programs to eliminate infections.

Recent Findings: Morbidity and mortality from toxoplasmosis led to programs in USA, Panama, and Colombia to facilitate understanding, treatment, prevention, and regional resources, incorporating student work.

Summary: Studies foundational for building recent, regional approaches/programs are reviewed.

Late Vitreoretinal Complications of Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity: Retinal Break, Vitreous Hemorrhage, and Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To investigate late vitreoretinal complications and visual outcomes in patients with regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with or without prior treatment.

Design: International, multicenter, noncomparative retrospective case series.

Participants: We analyzed 264 eyes of 238 patients from 13 centers worldwide who developed vitreoretinal complications (retinal detachment [RD], vitreous hemorrhage [VH], or retinal break) ≥ 2 years after resolution of acute ROP.

The Prevalence of Retinal Disease and Associated CNS Disease in Young Patients with Incontinentia Pigmenti.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of retinal disease on fluorescein angiography (FA) in patients with incontinentia pigmenti (IP) and to compare the severity of retinal disease in those with and without known central nervous system (CNS) disease.

Design: Multi-institutional consecutive retrospective case series.

Subjects: New patients with a diagnosis of IP were seen at the Casey Eye Institute at the Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, or Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami from December 2011 to September 2018.

Exudative Retinal Detachment Following Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Relapsed B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has become a novel approach in the treatment of many hematologic malignancies. However, ocular adverse effects have not been well described. This report presents a case of a pediatric patient with relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with ocular involvement treated with CAR T-cell therapy who developed an exudative retinal detachment likely secondary to an inflammatory response to CAR T-cell therapy.

Laser Prophylaxis in Patients with Stickler Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the association among laser prophylaxis treatment, retinal detachment (RD), and visual acuity (VA) in patients with Stickler syndrome (SS).

Design: Retrospective comparative case series.

Participants: Patients with SS.

International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity, Third Edition.

Purpose: The International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity is a consensus statement that creates a standard nomenclature for classification of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). It was initially published in 1984, expanded in 1987, and revisited in 2005. This article presents a third revision, the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity, Third Edition (ICROP3), which is now required because of challenges such as: (1) concerns about subjectivity in critical elements of disease classification; (2) innovations in ophthalmic imaging; (3) novel pharmacologic therapies (e.

Retinoblastoma presenting as pseudohypopyon and preserved visual acuity.

Purpose: To describe a Case of retinoblastoma that presented subtly as a pseudohypopyon in a child with preserved visual acuity.

Observations: A 3-year-old male was referred for concern of hypopyon in the left eye. Initial examination revealed 20/30 vision, a pseudohypopyon, and a large white mass on fundoscopy.

Macular Sequelae Following Exudative Retinal Detachment After Laser Photocoagulation for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Background And Objective: To report a series of exudative retinal detachments (ERDs) following laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective case series.

Results: Eleven eyes of seven infants were identified who developed ERD following laser.

Traumatic Retinal Detachment in Patients with Self-Injurious Behavior: An International Multicenter Study.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and management recommendations in patients with traumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) resulting from self-injurious behavior (SIB).

Design: International, multicenter, retrospective, interventional case series.

Participants: Patients with SIB from 23 centers with RRD in at least 1 eye.

Two-Year Outcomes Comparing Anti-VEGF Injections to Laser for ROP Using a Commercial Claims Database.

Background And Objective: To report ocular and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a nationwide health insurance claims database.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 298 infants treated with laser or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection identified in the MarketScan database (2011-2017) with 2-year follow-up.

Results: A review of claims data found 298 patients with International Classification of Diseases and Common Procedural Technology codes for ROP treatment and 2 years of continuous insurance coverage.

Late visual outcomes in infants treated with primary bevacizumab for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To describe visual acuity findings after 4 years of age in infants treated with primary bevacizumab (IVB) for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to correlate structural findings on fluorescein angiography (FA) with functional outcomes.

Methods: Infants born between January 2011 and January 2014 were identified by review of the medical records. Visual acuity was measured in clinic after 4 years of age.