Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The first-line treatment of the localized form of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remains surgical excision. Either conventional excision (CE) with margins or Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) may be preferred, depending on the risk factors of cSCC, the characteristics of the tumor, and the available technical facilities.

Methods: This article presents a systematic review of the current literature spanning from 1974 to 2023, comparing outcomes of cSCC treated with MMS versus cSCC treated with conventional excision.

Socioeconomic agents as active matter in nonequilibrium Sakoda-Schelling models.

How robust are socioeconomic agent-based models with respect to the details of the agents' decision rule? We tackle this question by considering an occupation model in the spirit of the Sakoda-Schelling model, historically introduced to shed light on segregation dynamics among human groups. For a large class of utility functions and decision rules, we pinpoint the nonequilibrium nature of the agent dynamics, while recovering an equilibrium-like phase separation phenomenology. Within the mean-field approximation we show how the model can be mapped, to some extent, onto an active matter field description.

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography vs. brain magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of cerebral metastases of melanoma: a 5-year retrospective study.

Background: Patients with melanoma present a high risk of developing extracutaneous metastases. Positron emission tomography--computed tomography (PET-CT) is one of the preferred examinations for the staging of oncological patients. It is not the method of choice to detect brain metastases, but this technique has shown significant improvement and allows the detection of some of them.

Multiscale relevance of natural images.

We use an agnostic information-theoretic approach to investigate the statistical properties of natural images. We introduce the Multiscale Relevance (MSR) measure to assess the robustness of images to compression at all scales. Starting in a controlled environment, we characterize the MSR of synthetic random textures as function of image roughness [Formula: see text] and other relevant parameters.

PPAR-γ regulates the effector function of human T helper 9 cells by promoting glycolysis.

T helper 9 (T9) cells promote allergic tissue inflammation and express the type 2 cytokines, IL-9 and IL-13, as well as the transcription factor, PPAR-γ. However, the functional role of PPAR-γ in human T9 cells remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that PPAR-γ drives activation-induced glycolysis, which, in turn, promotes the expression of IL-9, but not IL-13, in an mTORC1-dependent manner.

The growing importance of ultrasonography in cosmetic dermatology: An update after the 23rd IMCAS Annual World Congress (2022).

Background: Ultrasound (US) has been used for many years in the field of medicine. Many specialties have embraced US as a quick, painless, and relatively inexpensive tool to assist the clinician in determining anatomy, pathology, and aid in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. US allows for precise mapping of cutaneous and subcutaneous structures in the face, in particular vascular structures.

Hawkes processes with infinite mean intensity.

The stability condition for Hawkes processes and their nonlinear extensions usually relies on the condition that the mean intensity is a finite constant. It follows that the total endogeneity ratio needs to be strictly smaller than unity. In the present Letter we argue that it is possible to have a total endogeneity ratio greater than unity without rendering the process unstable.

Crisis propagation in a heterogeneous self-reflexive DSGE model.

We study a self-reflexive DSGE model with heterogeneous households, aimed at characterising the impact of economic recessions on the different strata of the society. Our framework allows to analyse the combined effect of income inequalities and confidence feedback mediated by heterogeneous social networks. By varying the parameters of the model, we find different crisis typologies: loss of confidence may propagate mostly within high income households, or mostly within low income households, with a rather sharp transition between the two.

Cultural diversity and wisdom of crowds are mutually beneficial and evolutionarily stable.

The ability to learn from others (social learning) is often deemed a cause of human species success. But if social learning is indeed more efficient (whether less costly or more accurate) than individual learning, it raises the question of why would anyone engage in individual information seeking, which is a necessary condition for social learning's efficacy. We propose an evolutionary model solving this paradox, provided agents (i) aim not only at information quality but also vie for audience and prestige, and (ii) do not only value accuracy but also reward originality-allowing them to alleviate herding effects.

Laser-Assisted Hyaluronic Acid Delivery by Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Facial Skin Remodeling: A Prospective Randomized Split-Face Study in France.

Background And Objectives: Combining the efficacy of ablative fractional carbon dioxide lasers (AFXL) to laser-assisted hyaluronic acid delivery (LAHAD) has not yet been studied. The objective of our study was to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of laser-assisted hyaluronic acid (HA) delivery with AFXL in facial skin remodeling.

Study Design/materials And Methods: We conducted a prospective, double-blinded, randomized split-face study on 20 patients from 30 to 70 years old, with a skin phototype from I to IV.

Alignment and scattering of colliding active droplets.

Active droplets emit a chemical solute at their surface that modifies their local interfacial tension. They exploit the nonlinear coupling of the convective transport of solute to the resulting Marangoni flows in order to self-propel. Such swimming droplets are by nature anti-chemotactic and are repelled by their own chemical wake or their neighbours.

By force of habit: Self-trapping in a dynamical utility landscape.

Historically, rational choice theory has focused on the utility maximization principle to describe how individuals make choices. In reality, there is a computational cost related to exploring the universe of available choices and it is often not clear whether we are truly maximizing an underlying utility function. In particular, memory effects and habit formation may dominate over utility maximization.

Confidence collapse in a multihousehold, self-reflexive DSGE model.

We investigate a multihousehold dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model in which past aggregate consumption impacts the confidence, and therefore consumption propensity, of individual households. We find that such a minimal setup is extremely rich and leads to a variety of realistic output dynamics: high output with no crises; high output with increased volatility and deep, short-lived recessions; and alternation of high- and low-output states where a relatively mild drop in economic conditions can lead to a temporary confidence collapse and steep decline in economic activity. The crisis probability depends exponentially on the parameters of the model, which means that markets cannot efficiently price the associated risk premium.

Update on the anti-programmed cell death-1 receptor antibodies in advanced cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma.

Regarding the rising incidence and the not negligible mortality, the treatment of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) has a high clinical relevance. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), especially anti-programmed cell death-1 receptor (anti-PD-1) antibodies such as pembrolizumab and cemiplimab have shown promising results in Phase 2 studies for patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic cSCC. We are presenting a review of the latest results in the treatment of cSCC with ICI.

Development and accuracy of an artificial intelligence algorithm for acne grading from smartphone photographs.

We developed an artificial intelligence algorithm (AIA) for smartphones to determine the severity of facial acne using the GEA scale and to identify different types of acne lesion (comedonal, inflammatory) and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIHP) or residual hyperpigmentation. Overall, 5972 images (face, right and left profiles) obtained with smartphones (IOS and/or Android) from 1072 acne patients were collected. Three trained dermatologists assessed the acne severity for each patient.

Crossover from Linear to Square-Root Market Impact.

Using a large database of 8 million institutional trades executed in the U.S. equity market, we establish a clear crossover between a linear market impact regime and a square-root regime as a function of the volume of the order.

Paradoxical pustular psoriasis induced by ustekinumab in a patient with Crohn's disease-associated spondyloarthropathy.

Palmoplantar pustular psoriasis (PPP) is a clinical form of psoriasis, for which tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi) or interleukins 12/23 inhibitor (ustekinumab) can be a therapeutic option. Paradoxical psoriatic reactions induced by TNFi are now well known. We present the exceptional case of a paradoxical PPP appeared under ustekinumab in a patient with Crohn's disease-associated spondyloarthropathy.