Validation with single-step SNPBLUP shows that evaluations can continue using a single mean of genotyped individuals, even with multiple breeds.

Background: In genomic prediction, it is common to centre the genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms based on the allele frequencies in the current population, rather than those in the base generation. The mean breeding value of non-genotyped animals is conditional on the mean performance of genotyped relatives, but can be corrected by fitting the mean performance of genotyped individuals as a fixed regression. The associated covariate vector has been referred to as a 'J-factor', which if fitted as a fixed effect can improve the accuracy and dispersion bias of sire genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV).

2002-2017 anthropogenic emissions data for air quality modeling over the United States.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has developed a set of annual North American emissions data for multiple air pollutants across 18 broad source categories for 2002 through 2017. The sixteen new annual emissions inventories were developed using consistent input data and methods across all years. When a consistent method or tool was not available for a source category, emissions were estimated by scaling data from the EPA's 2017 National Emissions Inventory with scaling factors based on activity data and/or emissions control information.

Parenting a child with a chronic illness during a pandemic.

Background: Nearly 20% of children in the United States experience one or more chronic health conditions. Parents of a child with a special healthcare need (CSHCN) experience increased stress caring for a child with chronic illness.

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study is to describe stress in parents of a child with chronic illness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Chemical Emissions From Heated Vitamin E Acetate-Insights to Respiratory Risks From Electronic Cigarette Liquid Oil Diluents Used in the Aerosolization of Δ-THC-Containing Products.

As of February 18, 2020, the e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI) outbreak caused the hospitalization of a total of 2,807 patients and claimed 68 lives in the United States. Though investigations have reported a strong association with vitamin E acetate (VEA), evidence from reported EVALI cases is not sufficient to rule out the contribution of other chemicals of concern, including chemicals in either THC or non-THC products. This study characterized chemicals evolved when diluent oils were heated to temperatures that mimic e-cigarette, or vaping, products (EVPs) to investigate production of potentially toxic chemicals that might have caused lung injury.

Maneuvering the Institutional Review Board Process: A Guide for Critical Care Nurses and Researchers.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) exist to protect the rights and welfare of research participants. Critical care nurses and researchers may interface with IRBs directly or indirectly. Having an understanding of how the IRB process works will help nurses advocate for patients who may also be research participants and will help researchers facilitate approval of their research studies.

"Finding My Own Way": The lived experience of undergraduate nursing students learning psychomotor skills during COVID-19.

Background: Little is known about how nursing students learned psychomotor skills during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: What is the lived experience of undergraduate nursing students learning psychomotor skills during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, eight undergraduate nursing students were interviewed about their experiences learning psychomotor skills during the pandemic.

Results: Thematic analysis revealed three main themes.

Assessment of a regulatory measurement system for the determination of the non-volatile particulate matter emissions from commercial aircraft engines.

The SAE International has published Aerospace Information Report (AIR) 6241 which outlined the design and operation of a standardized measurement system for measuring non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) mass and number emissions from commercial aircraft engines. Prior to this research, evaluation of this system by various investigators revealed differences in nvPM mass emissions measurement on the order of 15-30% both within a single sampling system and between two systems operating in parallel and measuring nvPM mass emissions from the same source. To investigate this issue, the U.

Variance estimates are similar using pedigree or genomic relationships with or without the use of metafounders or the algorithm for proven and young animals1.

With an increase in the number of animals genotyped there has been a shift from using pedigree relationship matrices (A) to genomic ones. As the use of genomic relationship matrices (G) has increased, new methods to build or approximate G have developed. We investigated whether the way variance components are estimated should reflect these changes.

Teaching Nursing Students the Care of a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease in a Pediatric Nursing Theory Course: A Comparison of Two Instructional Methods.

Effective methodologies for teaching nursing students how to care for pediatric patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are not well described. Two teaching methodologies were compared using a mixed-methods approach: an at-home simulation group (three days simulating having ESRD: taking medications, eating a renal diet, nightly peritoneal dialysis), and a video group (children with ESRD and their families sharing their experiences). Data were collected via an anonymous online survey at course completion.

Power models and average ship parameter effects on marine emissions inventories.

Maritime greenhouse gas emissions are projected to increase significantly by 2050, highlighting the need for reliable inventories as a first step in analyzing ship emission control policies. The impact of ship power models on marine emissions inventories has garnered little attention, with most inventories employing simple, load-factor-based models to estimate ship power consumption. The availability of more expansive ship activity data provides the opportunity to investigate the inventory impacts of adopting complex power models.

Carbon monoxide emission rates from roasted whole bean and ground coffee.

Carbon monoxide (CO) emitted from roasted coffee is a potential occupational respiratory exposure hazard to workers within the coffee industry. The current study objective was to estimate CO emission factors from commercially available roasted whole bean and ground coffee measured in loose form, not packaged, and to assess the utility of CO monitoring in nonventilated storage spaces such as within coffee roasting and packaging facilities, transport vessels, and cafés. Determinants affecting CO emissions from coffee were investigated, including form (whole bean vs.

Creative Teaching Methods for Educators: A Compendium of Critical-Care Concepts.

In order to gain expertise, intensive care unit nurses must have a good understanding of the pathophysiology and complicated disease processes seen in their units. Nurse educators and critical-care preceptors must be able to explain these complex concepts to a wide variety of audiences including nursing students, graduate nurses, and experienced critical-care nurses. Many times, demonstrations, analogies, visual aids, games, and creative teaching methods can help communicate these complicated ideas.

Nursing Students' Perceptions of Skills Learning: A Phenomenological Study.

Background: Deliberate practice (DP) and cognitive load theory have renewed educators' interest in effective psychomotor skills teaching.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to explore how prelicensure nursing students learned psychomotor skills.

Methods: Nine senior nursing students participated in this phenomenological study to capture how they experienced learning nursing skills.

Family Presence During Trauma Resuscitation: Family Members' Attitudes, Behaviors, and Experiences.

Background: The paradigm is shifting from separating family members from their children during resuscitation to one of patient- and family-centered care. However, widespread acceptance is still lacking.

Objective: To measure attitudes, behaviors, and experiences of family members of pediatric patients during the resuscitation phase of trauma care, including family members who were present and those who were not.

Carotid intima-media thickness and plaque assessment by trained medical residents: validation and preliminary testing of a training protocol.

Background: Training of nonsonographer physicians or staff members is needed to implement carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque screening by ultrasound for the assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of formal training on CIMT assessment and plaque detection by medical residents.

Methods: A medical resident (R1) was trained using an abbreviated American Society of Echocardiography CIMT protocol.

A personal reflection: the difficult decision to leave critical care nursing.

At some point in their careers, all critical care nurses will decide that it is time for them to leave critical care nursing. Whether this decision happens because of role change, retirement, or burnout, the decision can be a difficult one. This article explains my decision to leave the pediatric critical care unit and explores some of the reasons nurses leave critical care.

Polymeric structure and host Toll-like receptor 4 dictate immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 antigen in vivo.

In search of intrinsic factors that contribute to the distinctively strong immunogenicity of a non-mutated cancer/testis antigen, we found that NY-ESO-1 forms polymeric structures through disulfide bonds. NY-ESO-1 binding to immature dendritic cells was dependent on its polymeric structure and involved Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) on the surface of immature dendritic cells in mouse and human. Gene gun-delivered plasmid encoding the wild-type NY-ESO-1 readily induced T cell-dependent antibody (Ab) responses in wild-type C57BL/10 mice but not TLR4-knock-out C57BL/10ScNJ mice.

Sliding away from PowerPoint: the interactive lecture.

Class participation can be difficult to obtain when lecturing to a large group of students. Interactive lecture methods can help bridge the gap between faculty and students as well as increase class participation and satisfaction among faculty and students. The authors discuss various methods that may be used to increase student interaction.

Using models to teach congenital heart defects: a hands-on approach.

New pediatric intensive care unit nurses and nursing students often find that understanding various congenital heart defects is challenging. This article discusses a teaching technique that educators can use when teaching pediatric congenital heart defects.

How do families adjust to having a child with chronic kidney failure? A systematic review.

Although the number of children with kidney failure is relatively small, the disease carries a high burden for both children and their families that persists throughout the lifespan. Eleven studies, published since 1980, which examine how families adjust to having a child with chronic kidney failure, are reviewed. Parents tend to have high levels of stress, depression, and anxiety, and those with lower socioeconomic status have more difficulty adjusting.

Acute iron poisoning: what every pediatric intensive care unit nurse should know.

Iron is a substance commonly found in the homes of many children, leading to a high potential for accidental ingestion. Without proper recognition and treatment, iron poisoning can be fatal. This article reviews the case of a toddler who presents to the pediatric intensive care unit with iron poisoning.

Dendritic cell surface calreticulin is a receptor for NY-ESO-1: direct interactions between tumor-associated antigen and the innate immune system.

How the immune system recognizes endogenously arising tumors and elicits adaptive immune responses against nonmutated tumor-associated Ags is poorly understood. In search of intrinsic factors contributing to the immunogenicity of the tumor-associated Ag NY-ESO-1, we found that the NY-ESO-1 protein binds to the surface of immature dendritic cells (DC), macrophages, and monocytes, but not to that of B cells or T cells. Using immunoprecipitation coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, we isolated DC surface calreticulin as the receptor for NY-ESO-1.