The association between root canal filling and treatment outcome.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the technical quality of endodontic treatment per- formed by postgraduate students in Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden during the years (2008-2011) and to evaluate the treatment outcome. In addition, possible influencing factors to treatment outcome were analyzed. All maxillary first molars that received endo- dontic treatment between 2008 and 2011 were included in the study.

Patient Demonstration Videos in Predoctoral Endodontic Education: Aspects Perceived as Beneficial by Students.

The aim of this study was to assess the perceived benefits of video-mediated demonstrations in learning endodontics. Participants in the study were 75 third-year students enrolled in the undergraduate dentistry program at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. After the endodontic preclinical course, the students were introduced to the treatment protocol in the clinic by watching two live patient-demonstrated videos.

Efficacy of 3 different irrigation systems on removal of calcium hydroxide from the root canal: a scanning electron microscopic study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigation systems on removing calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2) from the root canal by using a scanning electron microscope.

Methods: Forty extracted single-rooted teeth were divided randomly into 4 groups. Canal instrumentation was done, and the teeth were filled with Ca(OH)2 paste.

Geometric analysis of maxillary first premolar prepared by two nickel-titanium rotary instruments.

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the shaping ability of two Nickel-titanium rotary instruments, with two disparate design features, on root canal geometry of extracted human maxillary first premolars using microcomputed tomography.

Study Design: Twenty four bifurcated maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups and embedded in a rubber-based impression material. Both groups were submitted to micro-computed tomography before and after canal preparation (buccal and palatal) with either ProFile Vortex or Revo-S rotary instruments.

Comparison between high concentration EDTA (24%) and low concentration EDTA (3%) with surfactant upon removal of smear layer after rotary instrumentation: a SEM study.

This in vitro study compare cleanliness of tooth canal walls regarding smear layer after final treatment with 24% ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA) and 3% EDTA with or without surfactant. Sixty extracted teeth, randomly distributed into four groups, were prepared using ProFile instruments (DENTSPLY, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and subjected to different final irrigation solutions: group A, 24% EDTA; group B, 3% EDTA with surfactant; group C (positive control), 3% EDTA; and group D (negative control), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite.

Accreditation of postgraduate speciality training programmes in Endodontology. Minimum criteria for training Specialists in Endodontology within Europe.

This consensus statement from the European Society of Endodontology (ESE) sets out the minimum criteria for training Specialists in Endodontology within Europe. The case is made for recognizing Endodontology as a distinctive dental discipline throughout Europe. Guidelines are presented on the requirements of a specialist and of a specialist training programme in Endodontology.

VRl- and VRL-l-like immunoreactivity in normal and injured trigeminal dental primary sensory neurons of the rat.

The vanilloid receptor VR1 and the vanilloid receptor-like protein VRL-1 are associated with polymodal nociceptors, and may be important for pain processing in normal and injured teeth. Using immunohistochemistry, we have studied the distribution of these receptors in rat pulpal or gingival trigeminal ganglion neurons that were identified through retrograde labeling with fluoro-gold. Twenty-one percent to 34% of tooth pulp-innervating neurons were VRl-positive, while 32%-51% were VRL-1-immunoreactive.

Perception of pulpal pain as a function of intradental nerve activity.

The purpose of the present investigation was to find neurophysiological correlates of pain perception. The magnitude and time course of perceived pain was successfully related to the neural discharge evoked by rapid cooling of the tooth surface in 6 dental patients whose lower incisors were to be extracted for prosthodontic reasons. Two cavities were prepared on the facial surface of human lower incisors.

Relation between intradental nerve activity and estimated pain in man--a mathematical model.

Intradental nerve activity (INA) induced by cold stimulation of human teeth is regularly accompanied by pain perception. In this study a mathematical model was developed in order to quantify the relationship between INA and pain. In 5 patients (45 experiments) INA was recorded using electrodes implanted in lower incisor teeth.