Development & Evaluation of a Teaching Assistant Institute to Build Near-Peer Teaching Capacity in Delivering Inclusive Public Health Education.

Teaching assistants (TAs) play a significant role in students' learning environment and experience but receive limited training in the non-curricular aspects of teaching and student support. Graduate students frequently engage in near-peer teaching, with student teachers with one or more years' experience compared to learners engaged in a structured teaching role. Academic institutions may perpetuate racism and its effects on health through institutional norms and pedagogy; training TAs to foster inclusive learning environments is therefore essential.

FORWARD: Building a Model to Hold Schools of Public Health Accountable for Antiracism Work.

Schools of public health have increasingly adopted programs, praxis, and competencies for antiracist work. Fighting Oppression, Racism and White Supremacy through Action, Research and Discourse (FORWARD) was founded to accelerate antiracist work at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. Seven action corps reporting to an accountability cabinet were established with 183 participants.

Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation versus endotracheal intubation in treatment of COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support.

Importance: Initial guidelines recommended prompt endotracheal intubation rather than non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator support. There is insufficient data comparing the impact of intubation versus NIV on patient-centered outcomes of these patients.

Objective: To compare all-cause 30-day mortality for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure who underwent intubation first, intubation after NIV, or NIV only.

HIV Testing Correlates: U.S. and Foreign Born High-Risk Black Heterosexual Men.

In the U.S., Black men are disproportionately affected by HIV, with some of the highest HIV incidence rates and lowest rates of HIV testing.

Work Characteristics, Body Mass Index, and Risk of Obesity: The National Quality of Work Life Survey.

Objectives: To examine work characteristics in relation to body mass index (BMI) and risk of obesity.

Methods: We analyzed data from 1150 participants working 20+ h week-1 from the 2014 National NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey, based on a representative sample of US workers. We used multiple linear regression for BMI and multiple logistic regression for obesity to estimate associations with 19 different work characteristics plus one set of occupational categories controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, job physical exertion, and television watching.

Association between Urinary Triclosan and Serum Testosterone Levels in U.S. Adult Males from NHANES, 2011-2012.

Triclosan was introduced into the market in the 1970s and has since been used as an antimicrobial agent in a diverse array of consumer and personal care products. Although it has been widely used over a number of years, there is growing concern and debate over its safety and efficacy and its potential as an endocrine disruptor. Although prior animal toxicology studies have shown an association between triclosan and decreased testosterone levels, human studies have been limited, particularly for adult men.

The impact of obesity on COVID-19 complications: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Obesity is an epidemic in New York City, the global epicenter of the coronavirus pandemic. Previous studies suggest that obesity is a possible risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19.

Objective: To elucidate the association between obesity and COVID-19 outcomes.

A real-world evaluation of a tertiary care childhood obesity intervention to reduce metabolic risk in a hard-to-reach urban population.

Background: Research on outcomes associated with lifestyle interventions serving pediatric populations in urban settings, where a majority have severe obesity, is scarce. This study assessed whether participation in a lifestyle intervention improved body mass index (BMI) percentile, BMI z-score, blood pressure, and lipid levels for children and adolescents.

Methods: The Live Light Live Right program is a lifestyle intervention that uses medical assessment, nutritional education, access to physical fitness classes, and behavioral modification to improve health outcomes.

HIV Prevention for Black Heterosexual Men: The Barbershop Talk with Brothers Cluster Randomized Trial.

To identify the impact of a strengths-focused HIV prevention program among high-risk heterosexual Black men. Barbershops in Brooklyn, New York, neighborhoods with high rates of heterosexually transmitted HIV were randomized to the intervention or an attention control program. Men were recruited from barbershops between 2012 and 2016 and participated in a single small group, peer-led session focused on HIV risk reduction skills and motivation, community health empowerment, and identification of personal strengths and communication skills.

Adjournment in Community HIV Prevention: Exploring Transitions in Community-Academic Partnerships.

Barbershop-based interventions have been increasingly implemented as a means to support culturally relevant and community-accessible health promotion and disease prevention efforts. Specifically, in neighborhoods of Brooklyn, New York, with high HIV seroprevalence rates, barbers have volunteered to support an initiative to help reduce sexual risk behavior. After implementing the Barbershop Talk With Brothers program for 5 years, we explored how program participation has affected barbers' HIV prevention and counseling skills to promote their clients' health, and assessed their views of next stages of the community-academic partnership, once the specific project ended.

Correction to: Examining the Associations Between Immigration Status and Perceived Stress Among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Women.

The original version of this article unfortunately published with the incorrect article title.

Correction to: Introducing Students of Color to Health Sciences Research: An Evaluation of the Health Disparities Summer Internship Program.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.

Examining the Associations Between Immigration Status and Perceived Stress Among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Women.

Stress is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes. In the United States (U.S.

Antihypertensive Medications and Change in Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objectives: The goal of this study is to estimate the change in the relationships between use of five classes of antihypertensive medications and stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in American adults treated for hypertension.

Methods: The US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data sets 1999-2012 were used with the final analytical sample of 3,045 participants. Population prevalence estimates were calculated using the NHANES survey design weights.

Introducing Students of Color to Health Sciences Research: An Evaluation of the Health Disparities Summer Internship Program.

The goal of this analysis is to assess the effectiveness of a summer program designed to introduce high school students of color to health disparities research. A total of 73 students (69.9% Black, 68.

Perceived effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy, self-rated health and treatment adherence among HIV-positive people who inject drugs in Estonia.

The HIV epidemic in Estonia affects the population of people who inject drugs (PWID) the most, but factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among PWID have not been thoroughly examined in Estonia, with particularly limited data regarding beliefs and attitudes of PWID. The objective of this study was to explore the association between ART adherence and individual beliefs, perceived effectiveness of ART, and self-rated health in particular, in this specific population. The study used baseline survey data from a longitudinal intervention study of HIV prevention among PWID in Estonia, in which 107 HIV-infected participants reported current use of ART.

A Comparison of Alternative Tobacco Product Usage, Knowledge and Beliefs Between the New York City Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered Community and Heterosexuals.

Within the United States, alternative tobacco product (ATP) and varies by geographic region, gender and age. Few articles have been published on the usage of these products among the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ) population. A web-based anonymous survey administered through Google Forms, was used to collect data on current tobacco usage, knowledge and beliefs from adult heterosexuals, homosexuals, bisexuals and transgendered persons residing in New York City from May 2014 to July 2014.

Stress, Socializing, and Other Motivations for Smoking Among the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Community in New York City.

Purpose: This study contributes to the emerging literature on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, and queer (LGBTQ) health disparities and tobacco use by examining the motivations for smoking among the New York City (NYC) LGBTQ population.

Approach: We used grounded theory and blended methods from 3 grounded theorists-Strauss, Corbin, and Charmaz-for data collection, coding, and analysis.

Setting: NYC has extensive legislation to prevent smoking; however, the current smoking prevalence of homosexuals is double that of heterosexuals.

Diverse ecological relations of male gametophyte populations in stylar environments.

Premise Of Study: Pollen on a stigma represents a local population of male gametophytes vying for access to female gametophytes in the associated ovary. As in most populations, density-independent and density-dependent survival depend on intrinsic characteristics of male gametophytes and environmental (pistil) conditions. These characteristics and conditions could differ among flowers, plants, populations, and species, creating diverse male-gametophyte population dynamics, which can influence seed siring and production.

Attitudes and Perceptions of the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Caribbean and African American Adolescent boys and Their Parents.

Study Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. The prevalence of HPV in men ranges from 20% to 65% and is high at all ages. HPV vaccine has high efficacy in preventing HPV infection, cervical cancer, and genital warts.

Barbershop Talk With Brothers: using community-based participatory research to develop and pilot test a program to reduce HIV risk among Black heterosexual men.

There is a need for feasible, evidence-based interventions that support HIV risk reduction among heterosexual Black men. In this article, we describe the process for development of the Barbershop Talk With Brothers (BTWB) program and evaluation. The BTWB program is a theoretically grounded and community-based HIV prevention program that seeks to improve individual skills and motivation to decrease sexual risk, and that builds men's interest in and capacity for improving their community's health.

Impact of Kidney Function on Effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (Dash) Diet.

Objectives: Although the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet lowers blood pressure in adults with hypertension, how kidney function impacts this effect is not known. We evaluated whether Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) modifies the effect of the DASH diet on blood pressure, markers of mineral metabolism, and markers of kidney function.

Methods: Secondary analysis of the DASH-Sodium trial, a multicenter, randomized, controlled human feeding study that evaluated the blood pressure lowering effect of the DASH diet at three levels of sodium intake.

Acute coronary syndrome: factors affecting time to arrival in a diverse urban setting.

This study seeks to better understand how individuals of different cultural/ethnic backgrounds in an urban setting assess the signs and symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and the ensuing decision to take urgent action. Few studies exist which examine these differences and enhance understanding of how to address these differences and, ultimately, reduce morbidity and mortality from ACS. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of urban patients of different cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds regarding their actions upon recognition of ACS signs and symptoms.

Exploring and influencing the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards extended breastfeeding.

Background: Although many U.S. professional health organizations have policy statements that support the breastfeeding of children beyond one year (extended breastfeeding), the actual attitudes of health workers towards this practice have not been explored.

Perceived financial need and sexual risk behavior among urban, minority patients following sexually transmitted infection diagnosis.

Background: Previous studies have shown that racial/ethnic and gender disparities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infections (STI) may be due in part to factors such as poverty and income-inequality. Little has been published in the HIV/STI literature on the effect of the perception of having unmet basic needs on sexual risk behavior.

Methods: Data on perceived financial need and sexual risk were collected as part of a behavioral intervention aimed at promoting STI partner notification and reducing sexual behavior among minority patients presenting for care at 1 of 2 STI treatment centers in Brooklyn, NY, between January 2002 and December 2004.