Changes in the intestinal microbiota of broiler chicken induced by dietary supplementation of the diatomite-bentonite mixture.

Background: Diatomite is a source of biologically available silicon but in feed industry its insecticide and anti-caking properties have been also widely recognized. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dietary diatomite-bentonite mixture (DBM) supplementation on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the bacterial microbiome of the broiler chicken gut. The trial was carried out on 960 Ross 308 broiler chickens divided into 2 experimental groups throughout the entire rearing period lasting 6 weeks.

Experimental investigation of a near-field focusing performance of the IP-Dip polymer based 2D and 3D Fresnel zone plate geometries fabricated using 3D laser lithography coated with hyperbolic dispersion surface layered metamaterial.

Herein we investigate the character of the near-field emission of a two- (2D) and novel three-dimensional (3D) probe geometries fabricated using 3D direct laser writing lithography. Near-field scans in - and - planes were measured both before and after the deposition of hyperbolic dispersion metamaterial (HMM) to further verify the directional propagation of the high wave-vector components present in the vicinity of the structures. Additional computational and theoretical characterization forewent the actual experimental measurements, showing a promising performance, particularly for the 3D Fresnel zone plate (FZP).

Modified Natural Diatomite with Various Additives and Its Environmental Potential.

Diatomite has recently been the subject of intensive scientific research aimed at its extensive use in industry, breeding and agriculture. The only active diatomite mine is in Jawornik Ruski, in the Podkarpacie region of Poland. Chemical pollution in the environment, including that from heavy metals, poses a threat to living organisms.

Effects of Functionalized Materials and Bacterial Metabolites on Quality Indicators in Composts.

The addition of functionalized materials (biochar, zeolite, and diatomite) and lyophilized metabolic products of sp. and to composted biomass may bring many technological and environmental benefits. In this study, we verify the effects of biochar, zeolite Na-P1 (NaSiAlO·12 HO), diatomite (SiOnHO), and bacterial metabolites on the composting of biomass prepared from poultry litter, corn straw, grass, leonardite, and brown coal.

The effect of dietary halloysite supplementation on the performance and meat quality of pigs and some air indices in piggery.

Halloysite, a clay mineral of the kaolin, has specific properties, characteristic for the conditions in which it was formed. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of halloysite from the Dunino deposit in a complete diet for pigs on daily body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), blood parameters, chemical composition of meat and chosen environment indices in the piggery. The trial was conducted on 144 piglets from weaning (d 29) to 85th day of life, then on 40 porkers divided into two groups.

Relationship between maximum eye temperature and plasma cortisol concentration in racehorses during intensive training.

The aim of the study was to determine the utility of maximum eye temperature measured by infrared thermography (IRT) as a stress indicator compared with plasma cortisol concentration in Thoroughbred and Arabian racehorses. The study included thirty racehorses undergoing standard training for racing. Measurements of maximum eye temperature and blood collection for plasma cortisol concentration were carried out before training (BT), and within 5 (5AT) and 120 minutes (120AT) after the end of the each training session in three repetitions, with a monthly interval.

The Effect of Dietary Halloysite Supplementation on the Performance of Broiler Chickens and Broiler House Environmental Parameters.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of supplementing broiler chickens' diets with halloysite on daily body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily water consumption (DWC), and some broiler house hygiene parameters. The trial was conducted on 18,000 broiler chickens divided into two groups throughout the 42-day (D) rearing period. The birds were fed complete diets without (group C) or with halloysite addition (1%, group E) from D8 of rearing.

Piezoelectric Particulate Composite for Energy Harvesting from Mechanical Vibration.

Energy harvesting from mechanical vibration of buildings is usually realized by the use of devices, in which the main element is a prismatic beam with a rectangular cross-section. The beam has been the subject of scientific research; it is usually constructed with a carrying substrate that does not have piezoelectric characteristics and from piezoelectric material. In contrast, this investigation sought to create a beam structure with a piezoelectric composite only.

Associations between Mammary Gland Echotexture and Milk Composition in Cows.

Thirty clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows underwent twice daily machine milking and ultrasonographic examinations of the udder just prior to and after milking. Digital ultrasonographic images of each udder quarter were subjected to computer-assisted echotextural analyses to obtain mean numerical pixel values (NPVs) and pixel heterogeneity (PSD) of the mammary gland parenchyma. The average milk yield and pH were higher ( < 0.

Nutrient Content of Different Wheat and Maize Varieties and Their Impact on Metabolizable Energy Content and Nitrogen Utilization by Broilers.

The study aimed to determine the effect of nutrients of wheat (nine cultivars) and maize (nine cultivars) grain on nitrogen balance and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) content for broiler chickens. In vivo digestibility and balance trials were carried out with 90 Ross 308 chickens (2 × 9 groups with 5 birds per group) aged from 42 to 49 days, separately for each cultivar. Considerable variation within each cereal species in fiber and non-fiber carbohydrate fractions and nutrient digestibility of grain were demonstrated.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Their Use as a Health Promoting Feed Additive.

The contamination of feeds with microbiological or toxicological agents can affect health, productivity and safety of livestock animals and their products. The treatment of feedstuffs to lower the content of undesired substances before feeding is expensive and labor intensive, therefore an alternative is to reduce their gastrointestinal absorption. Different feed additives are available, however the use of clays and clay minerals are ideal for this purpose due to their high specific surface area, adsorption capacity, low or null toxicity for the animal and low cost.

The effect of different dietary levels of hybrid rye and xylanase addition on the performance and egg quality in laying hens.

1. In this study, 240 ISA Brown hens were fed diets containing different levels of hybrid rye, and the influence of xylanase addition on laying performance and egg quality was evaluated. 2.

An energy-protein feed additive containing different sources of fat improves feed intake and milk performance of dairy cows in mid-lactation.

This research paper addresses the hypothesis that calcium salts combined with whole linseed and heat-treated rapeseed cake in one feed additive may efficiently stimulate the productivity of dairy cows and have a positive effect on the functional (health-promoting) properties of milk fat. The article proposes the composition of such an additive (EFA) and evaluates its nutritional effect in the diet of mid-lactation dairy cows. Forty multiparous Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) dairy cows were allocated to one of four treatments (10 cows/treatment) and fed a TMR diet without EFA or with EFA in the amount of 1, 2 or 3 kg/d per head for a 63-d-period.

A new liquid chromatography method with charge aerosol detector (CAD) for the determination of phospholipid classes. Application to milk phospholipids.

A new rapid method for the quantitative analysis of five classes of phospholipids (PLs) (phosphatidylcholine--PC, lysophosphatidylcholine--LPC, phosphatidylethanolamine--PE and phosphatidylserine--PS and phosphatidylinositol--PI) using liquid chromatography with charge aerosol detector (CAD) is described. The separation of the compounds of interest was achieved on a diol stationary phase with a mobile phase consisting of 13% HCOOH, hexane and 2-propanol in 19 min elution program, including 10 min equilibration of the column. The method was applied to characterize the phospholipid fractions of cow milk.