Simulated Cam Morphology of the Hip Changes Sacroiliac Motion During Hip Motion and Loading in a Cadaveric Model.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between cam morphology of the hip and ipsilateral sacroiliac motion compared to the native hip in a cadaveric model.

Methods: A simulated cam state was created using a 3-dimensional printed cam secured to the head-neck junction of 5 cadaveric hips. Hips were studied using a computed tomography-based optic metrology system and a 6 degree-of-freedom robot to exert an internal rotation torque at 3 different torque levels (6 N-m, 12 N-m, 18 N-m).

Supracondylar ostectomy and shortening (S.O.S.) for distal humerus nonunions.

Background: Many distal humerus nonunions are associated with bone loss, and rigid internal fixation is difficult to obtain, especially for low transcondylar nonunions and those with severe intra-articular comminution. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of a strategy to address this challenge utilizing internal fixation using the Supracondylar Ostectomy + Shortening (S.O.

The relationship between design-based lateralization, humeral bearing design, polyethylene angle, and patient-related factors on surgical complications after reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a machine learning analysis.

Background: Technological advancements in implant design and surgical technique have focused on diminishing complications and optimizing performance of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). Despite this, there remains a paucity of literature correlating prosthetic features and clinical outcomes. This investigation utilized a machine learning approach to evaluate the effect of select implant design features and patient-related factors on surgical complications after rTSA.

After primary shoulder arthroplasty appropriate vancomycin antibiotic prophylaxis does not lead to increased infectious complications when compared to cefazolin.

Background: In primary shoulder arthroplasty (SA), intravenous (IV) cefazolin has demonstrated lower rates of infectious complications when compared to IV vancomycin. However, previous analyses included SA cohorts with both complete and incomplete vancomycin administration. Therefore, it is currently unclear whether cefazolin still maintains a prophylactic advantage to vancomycin when it is appropriately indicated and sufficiently administered at the time of surgical incision.

Non-cefazolin antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with higher rates of elbow periprosthetic joint infection.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a common source of failure following elbow arthroplasty. Perioperative prophylactic antibiotics are considered standard of care. However, there are no data regarding the comparative efficacy of various antibiotics in the prevention of PJI for elbow arthroplasty.

Mid- to long-term outcomes of latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for massive irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study aims to analyze the mid-to long-term results of the latissimus dorsi tendon for the treatment of massive posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears as reported in high-quality publications and to determine its efficacy and safety.

Methods: A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were searched until December 2022 to identify studies with a minimum 4 year follow-up.

Superior humeral head osteophytes are associated with rotator cuff insufficiency in glenohumeral osteoarthritis: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to investigate whether superior humeral head osteophyte (SHO) size is associated with rotator cuff insufficiency, including rotator cuff tear (RCT), supraspinatus tendon thickness, and fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscles.

Methods: Patients  ≥ 18 years who were diagnosed with glenohumeral osteoarthritis were retrospectively reviewed. SHO size was determined by radiograph.

A coronoid-centric classification system of proximal trans-ulnar fracture-dislocations has almost perfect intraobserver and interobserver agreement.

Background: Fracture-dislocations of the elbow, particularly those that involve a fracture through the proximal ulna, are complex and can be difficult to manage. Moreover, current classification systems often cannot discriminate between Monteggia-variant injury patterns and trans-olecranon fracture-dislocations, particularly when the fracture involves the coronoid. The Mayo classification of proximal trans-ulnar fracture-dislocations categorizes these fractures into 3 types according to what the coronoid is still attached to: trans-olecranon fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is still attached to the ulnar metaphysis); Monteggia-variant fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is still attached to the olecranon); and ulnar basal coronoid fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is not attached to either the olecranon or the ulnar metaphysis).

Quantifying success after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: the substantial clinically important percentage of maximal possible improvement.

Background: Changes in preoperative to postoperative outcome scores are often used to quantify success after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). However, ceiling effects associated with many outcome scores limit the ability to differentiate success among high-functioning patients. The percentage of maximal possible improvement (%MPI) was introduced to simplify and better stratify patient success.

Quantifying success after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: the minimal clinically important percentage of maximal possible improvement.

Background: In high functioning patients, the ceiling effect associated with many patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) limits the ability to appropriately stratify success. The percentage maximal possible improvement (%MPI) was introduced as another evaluation tool, with a proposed threshold of success at 30%. It remains unclear if this threshold correlates with perceived patient success following shoulder arthroplasty.

Computed tomography provides effective detection of traumatic arthrotomy of the elbow.

Background: Failure to identify a traumatic arthrotomy of the elbow (TAE) can lead to septic arthritis with devastating complications. The gold standard for TAE detection remains controversial, and evidence is limited. While multiple clinical and cadaveric studies have validated the use of computed tomography (CT) to detect traumatic arthrotomies about the knee, other studies have called into question whether the use of CT to detect traumatic arthrotomy is applicable to the elbow.

Quantifying success after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty: the minimal clinically important percentage of maximal possible improvement.

Introduction: Changes in pre- to postoperative outcome scores are often used to quantify success after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA). However, ceiling effects associated with many outcome scores limit the ability to differentiate success among high-functioning patients. The percentage maximal possible improvement (%MPI) was introduced to better stratify patient success; however, it is unclear if the 30% threshold first proposed correlates with perceived patient success across all outcome scores.